Molybdenum DiSulfide Nanoflowers -- Articles & patents [**rexresearch**](http://rexresearch.com/) [**rexresearch1**](http://rexresearch1.com/) --- **Molybdenum DiSulfide Nanoflowers** --- [**https://stories.tamu.edu/news/2025/12/01/texas-am-scientists-use-nanoflowers-to-recharge-aging-and-damaged-cells/**](https://stories.tamu.edu/news/2025/12/01/texas-am-scientists-use-nanoflowers-to-recharge-aging-and-damaged-cells/Texas A&M scientists use ananoflowersa to recharge aging and damaged cells) [**Texas A&M scientists use ananoflowersa to recharge aging and damaged cells**](https://stories.tamu.edu/news/2025/12/01/texas-am-scientists-use-nanoflowers-to-recharge-aging-and-damaged-cells/Texas A&M scientists use ananoflowersa to recharge aging and damaged cells) **Breakthrough method boosts stem cellsa ability to share mitochondria,***offering hope for treating aging, heart disease and neurodegenerative disorders by restoring cellular energy.* Biomedical researchers at Texas A&M University may have discovered a way to stop or even reverse the decline of cellular energy production a a finding that could have revolutionary effects across medicine. Dr. Akhilesh K. Gaharwar and Ph.D. student John Soukar, along with their fellow researchers from the Department of Biomedical Engineering, have developed a method to give damaged cells new mitochondria, returning energy output to its previous levels and dramatically increasing cell health. Mitochondrial decline is linked to aging, heart disease and neurodegenerative disorders. Enhancing the bodyas natural ability to replace worn-out mitochondria could fight all of them. As human cells age or are injured by degenerative disorders like Alzheimeras or exposure to damaging substances like chemotherapy drugs, they begin to lose their ability to produce energy. The culprit is a decrease in the number of mitochondria a small, organ-like structures within cells responsible for producing most of the energy cells use. From brain cells to muscle cells, as the number of mitochondria drops, so does the health of the cells, until they can no longer carry out their functions. The study, published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, used a combination of microscopic flower-shaped particles a called nanoflowers a and stem cells. In the presence of these nanoflowers, the stem cells produced twice the normal amount of mitochondria. When these boosted stem cells were placed near damaged or aging cells, they transferred their surplus mitochondria to their injured neighbors. With new mitochondria, the previously damaged cells regained energy production and function. The rejuvenated cells showed restored energy levels and resisted cell death, even after exposure to damaging agents such as chemotherapy drugs. aWe have trained healthy cells to share their spare batteries with weaker ones,a said Gaharwar, a professor of biomedical engineering. aBy increasing the number of mitochondria inside donor cells, we can help aging or damaged cells regain their vitality a without any genetic modification or drugs.a While cells naturally exchange some mitochondria, the nanoflower-boosted stem cells a nicknamed mitochondrial bio factories a transferred two to four times more mitochondria than untreated ones. aThe several-fold increase in efficiency was more than we could have hoped for,a said Soukar, lead author of the paper. aItas like giving an old electronic a new battery pack. Instead of tossing them out, we are plugging fully-charged batteries from healthy cells into diseased ones.a Other methods of boosting the number of mitochondria in cells exist, but have significant drawbacks. Medications require frequent, repeated doses because they are composed of smaller molecules that are quickly eliminated from cells. The larger nanoparticles (which are roughly 100 nanometers in diameter) remain in the cell and continue promoting the creation of mitochondria to a greater extent. This means therapies created from the technology could potentially only require monthly administration. aThis is an early but exciting step toward recharging aging tissues using their own biological machinery,a Gaharwar said. aIf we can safely boost this natural power-sharing system, it could one day help slow or even reverse some effects of cellular aging.a The nanoparticles themselves are made of molybdenum disulfide, an inorganic compound capable of holding many possible two-dimensional forms at a microscopic scale. The Gaharwar Lab is one of the few groups to explore molybdenum disulfideas biomedical applications. The therapeutic potential of stem cells has been a hotbed of cutting-edge research in tissue regeneration. Using nanoflowers to boost stem cells could be the next step in making these cells even better at what they do. One of the major benefits is the methodas potential versatility. While the approach has yet to be fully explored, it could, in principle, treat loss of function in tissues across the body. aYou could put the cells anywhere in the patient,a Soukar said. aSo for cardiomyopathy, you can treat cardiac cells directly a putting the stem cells directly in or near the heart. If you have muscular dystrophy, you can inject them right into the muscle. Itas pretty promising in terms of being able to be used for a whole wide variety of cases, and this is just kind of the start. We could work on this forever and find new things and new disease treatments every day.a --- **SYNTHESIS, FABRICATION AND USE OF MoS2 NANOPARTICLES WITH ATOMIC VACANCIES FOR MITOCHONDRIAL THERAPIES --WO2025085275** **[ [PDF](WO2025085275A1.pdf) ]** --- [**https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/11/251126095020.htm**](https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2025/11/251126095020.htm) **Nanoflowers supercharge stem cells to recharge aging cells** Nanoflower-enhanced stem cells may offer a powerful new way to recharge aging or damaged tissues by sharing their surplus cellular energy. Texas A&M researchers found a way to make stem cells produce double the normal number of mitochondria using nanoflower particles. These energized stem cells then transfer their surplus apower packsa to weakened cells, reviving their energy production and resilience. The method bypasses many limitations of current mitochondrial therapies and could offer long-lasting effects. It may open the door to treatments for aging tissues and multiple degenerative diseases... The research, published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, combined microscopic, flower-shaped particles called nanoflowers with stem cells. When stem cells were exposed to these nanoflowers, they began producing about twice as many mitochondria as usual. When the strengthened stem cells were then placed next to damaged or aging cells, they passed along their extra mitochondria to these neighboring, injured cells. Once supplied with new mitochondria, the previously damaged cells were able to restore their energy production and normal activity. These revived cells not only showed improved energy levels but also became more resistant to cell death, even when they were later exposed to damaging treatments such as chemotherapy... Researchers have tried other ways to increase the number of mitochondria inside cells, but these approaches often come with tradeoffs. Drug-based methods rely on small molecules that leave cells relatively quickly, so patients may need frequent and repeated treatments to maintain the effect. In contrast, the larger nanoparticles (which are roughly 100 nanometers in diameter) remain inside the cell and continue to stimulate mitochondria production more effectively. As a result, therapies based on this nanoflower technology might only need to be administered about once a month... --- [**https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2505237122**](https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2505237122) [**https://www.pnas.org/doi/epdf/10.1073/pnas.2505237122**](https://www.pnas.org/doi/epdf/10.1073/pnas.2505237122) **Nanomaterial-induced mitochondrial biogenesis enhances intercellular mitochondrial transfer efficiency** **John Soukar et al** **Abstract** -- Intercellular mitochondrial transfer, the spontaneous exchange of mitochondria between cells, is a recently described phenomenon crucial for cellular repair, regeneration, and disease management. Enhancing this natural process holds promise for developing novel therapies targeting diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Here, we introduce a nanomaterial-based approach employing molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanoflowers with atomic-scale vacancies to stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis in cells to make them mitochondrial biofactories. Upon cellular uptake, these nanoflowers result in a two-fold increase in mitochondrial mass and enhancing mitochondrial transfer to recipient cells by several-fold. This enhanced efficiency of transfer significantly improves mitochondrial respiratory capacity and adenosine triphosphate production in recipient cells under physiological conditions. In cellular models of mitochondrial and cellular damage, MoS2 enhanced mitochondrial transfer achieved remarkable restoration of cell function. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates that nanomaterial-boosted intercellular mitochondrial transfer can enhance cell survivability and function under diseased conditions, offering a promising strategy for treating mitochondrial dysfunction-related diseases... --- [**https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0169433222025077** **https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract\_id=4177580**](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0169433222025077) **Synthesis of very small molybdenum disulfide nanoflowers for hydrogen evolution reaction** **Tuan Van Nguyen et al.** **[ [PDF](SynthVerySmallMoS2NanoFlH2ssrn-4177580.pdf) ]** **Abstract --** Among various transition metal dichalcogenides, molybdenum disulfides such as molybdenum disulfide nanoflowers (MoS2 NFs) can effectively catalyze a hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) because of the abundance, ease of processing, and high catalytic activity of MoS2. The main disadvantage of using MoS2 NFs for HER on the industrial scale is their low density and number of active sites. Herein, we propose for the first time a facile, inexpensive, and scalable route for fabricating extremely small MoS2 NFs (SNFs). The size of the synthesized MoS2 SNFs (50a90 nm) is much lower than that of conventional MoS2 NFs (900a1500 nm), which significantly increases the number of catalytically active sites. In addition, the in situ doping of N atoms considerably enhances the catalytic activity of the prepared MoS2 SNFs. MoS2 SNFs exhibit superior electrocatalytic activity toward HER with a low Tafel slope 49 mVA*deca1, an overpotential of 270 mV at a current density of 50 mAA*cma2, a large surface area of 98 m2A*ga1, and very high stability in an acidic environment. The obtained results indicate that MoS2 SNFs can be potentially used for energy storage and electrochemical applications. **Chemicals**Ammonium molybdate tetrahydrate (AMT, NH4)6Mo7O24A*4H2O), thioacetamide (TAA, CH3CSNH2), HCl (37% aqueous solution), NH3 (28% aqueous solution), ethanol (C2H5OH), and Nafion (5% aqueous solution) ... **Synthesis of MoS2 SNFs** MoS2 SNFs were synthesized via a facile one-step hydrothermal method. Appropriate amounts of AMT and TAA were added to a glass beaker containing 15 mL of DI.. **Formation mechanism of synthesis process** The synthesis mechanism of MoS2 by hydrothermal or solvothermal in autoclave at high temperature was deeply discussed in previous studies [33], [34], [35]. The formation mechanisms of MoS2 SNFs and NFs could be illustrated in Fig. 1 as below. It shows that when AMT and TAA were mixed and stirred by a magnetic bar in the neutral solution, both materials decomposed leading to the formation of [Mo7O24]6a, S2a, and H+ ions due to hydrolysis, as described by Eqs. (1)a(3) and (1a2)a(3a2). --- [**https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38726746/**](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38726746/) **Synthesis and Characterizations of MoS2 Nanoflowers...** **Yongshan Ma et al** **[ [PDF](synthcharacterizationMoS2.pdf) ]** **Abstract** -- Molybdenum disulfide nanoflowers (MoS2 NFs) were prepared by hydrothermal method. The prepared MoS2 NFs was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), specific surface areas, Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The characterization results show that the flower-like spherical MoS2 is composed of many ultra-thin nanosheets with an average diameter of about 300-400 nm. MoS2 NFs also exhibits excellent UV-vis absorption and high fluorescence intensity... --- [**https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract\_id=4479850**](https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4479850) **Mos2 Catalysts with Adjustable Size and Layer Structure Derived from Polyoxometalates-Ionic Liquids Complexes for Hydrogen Production and Hydrogenation** **Zekun Guan et al** **Abstract** -- In the period of energy-conversion, the effective utilization of fossil fuel and the development of new energy sources are becoming extremely imperative. MoS2 have excellent catalytic activity for fuel hydrogenation and hydrogen production. However, the synthesis of highly dispersed MoS2 that can expose more active sites has been challenging. Herein, (DODA)6Mo7O24 with organic-inorganic core-shell structure was prepared by POMs-ILs (polyoxometalates-ionic liquids) self-assembly. MoS2 with adjustable size and layer structure derived from (DODA)6Mo7O24 by controllable confined-sulfidation effect for hydrogenation and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Among them, MoS2 (T280S1:4t30) has the lowest overpotential, and only 200 mV is needed to reach the current density of 10 mAA*cm-2. At the same time, it has the optimal hydrogenation performance with the highest selectivity for octahydroanthracene and perhydroanthracene, along with a hydrogenation percentage of 48.04% in the process of anthracene hydrogenation. Density functional theory demonstrated that the monolayer MoS2 was more favorable for water molecule dissociation and hydrogen molecule activation, which proves that the MoS2 has excellent catalytic activity for HER and hydrogenation simultaneously. This work is instructive for the synthesis of MoS2 and its application in HER and hydrogenation. --- [**https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2022/na/d1na00664a**](https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2022/na/d1na00664a) **2-Dimensional layered molybdenum disulfide nanosheets and CTAB-assisted molybdenum disulfide nanoflower for high performance supercapacitor application [ [PDF](2DMoSCTABd1na00664a.pdf) ]** **Abstract** -- In this study, the supercapacitor performance of the hydrothermal synthesized molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets and the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-assisted MoS2 nanoflower morphology have been investigated. The as-synthesized MoS2 nanoflower and nanosheet morphology structures were investigated via field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and the internal microstructure was examined via high resolution-transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) technique. The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra were obtained to identify the chemical interaction and the functional groups present in the material. The shifting of the binding energy, oxidation states, and elemental identification were conducted by X-ray photon spectroscopy (XPS). The MoS2 nanoflower possesses surface defects, which produce numerous active sites. The MoS2 nanoflower and nanosheet electrodes demonstrate the high specific capacitance (Csp) values of 516 F ga1 and 438 F ga1, respectively, at a current density of 1 A ga1. However, the MoS2 nanoflower shows high Csp due to the large surface area with active edges, making them store more energy in the electrode. --- [**https://scispace.com/pdf/synthesis-and-characterization-of-molybdenum-disulfide-50f9atyid5.pdf**](https://scispace.com/pdf/synthesis-and-characterization-of-molybdenum-disulfide-50f9atyid5.pdf) **Synthesis and Characterization of Molybdenum Disulfide** **Nanoflowers and Nanosheets: Nanotribology** **S. V. Prabhakar Vattikuti et al** **[ [PDF](synthcharacterizationMoS2.pdf) ]** --- [**https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Growth-and-Mechanism-of-MoS2-Nanoflowers-with-Guo-Fu/b8e87e8a2d1f5990c5039bf5c3221660520542e2**](https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Growth-and-Mechanism-of-MoS2-Nanoflowers-with-Guo-Fu/b8e87e8a2d1f5990c5039bf5c3221660520542e2) **Growth and Mechanism of MoS2 Nanoflowers with****Ultrathin Nanosheets** **Yifei Guo et al Abtract --** Two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) with few layers, due to their excellent optical and electrical properties, has great potential for applications in electronic and optoelectronic devices. In this work, flower-like MoS2 nanostructures with ultrathin nanosheets (petals) were successfully deposited onto silicon substrates by a facile process based on chemical vapor deposition via using MoO3 and S powders as starting materials. Their composition and structure were explored by field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and photoluminescence. The reported nanoflowers vertically and separately stood on the substrates, consisting of several bonded MoS2 nanosheets with a thickness of 10a30anm and high crystallinity. On the basis of these results, a growth mechanism for the MoS2 nanoflowers was proposed --- [**https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0025540822001106**](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0025540822001106) **Materials Research Bulletin, Volume 152, August 2022, 111837** **Photothermal properties of two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) with nanoflower and nanosheet morphology** **Marzieh Salimi et al** **Abstract** -- PEGylated MoS2 nanoflower (MoS2-NF) and nanosheet (MoS2-NS) are synthesized through a one-pot hydrothermal method as photo absorbing agent (PAA). It is found that employing different thiol precursors result in distinct morphologies. The products are structurally, chemically, and morphologically characterized. Electron microscopy demonstrates the formation of sheet and flower morphologies of MoS2. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and thermal gravimetric (TGA) analysis confirm the PEGylation of MoS2 nanostructures. Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirm the formation of 1T/2H structure of both samples. MoS2-NS demonstrates higher NIR absorption than MoS2-NF with a mass extinction coefficient of 19.06 and 5.09 L/g.cm, respectively. The photothermal conversion efficiency (I*) of MoS2-NF and MoS2-NS is 13.77% and 25.68%, respectively which can be due to the higher 1T to 2H ratio of MoS2-NS. Finally, MoS2-NS has significantly higher photo-to-heat conversion ability in comparison with MoS2-NF which makes it more suitable as PAA for photothermal therapy of tumors. --- [**https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1385894718311380**](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1385894718311380) **Facile synthesis of colloidal stable MoS2 nanoparticles for combined tumor therapy** **Hailun Yang et al** **Abstract** -- The bottom-up approach can be used to synthesize MoS2 nanosheets with controlled morphology and synchronous surface modification. However, these MoS2 nanosheets frequently stacked with each other to form a multi-layer structure, which greatly affects the improvement of their drug loading capacity. In this work, we reported a facile bottom-up synthesis of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) coated biocompatible MoS2 nanoparticles (NPs) with admirable drug loading capacity for synergistic tumor photothermal and chemotherapy. The colloidal-stable MoS2 NPs possessed excellent photothermal transducing performance with the photothermal conversion efficiency of 37.5%. Further, the porous structure of MoS2 NPs facilitated the drug payload with a tunable drug loading percentage of 7%a72%. More importantly, the drug release from the MoS2 NPs followed a controlled pH- and NIR-dual modal responsive manner. The material design takes account of the drug loading capacity of NPs and the photothermal feature of MoS2, providing a paradigm that the research of cancer therapy agents can be moved forward by integrating the advantages of different nanomaterials into one dosage... This research, we explored a novel method to synthesize polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) coated MoS2 nanoparticles (NPs) as a photothermal agent and drug carrier for synergetic tumor photothermal and chemotherapy (Fig. 1a). The synthesis of MoS2 NPs was achieved via a one-step hydrothermal approach using sodium molybdate and cystamine dihydrochloride as precursors. The growth of NPs was guided by using hydrazine hydrate as a reductant. Importantly, PVP was simultaneously grafted onto the materials surface owing to the chelating-coordinating effect between PVP and Mo during the hydrothermal synthesis, which substantially improved the colloidal stability in physiological environment of MoS2 NPs. The MoS2 NPs exhibited an extraordinarily high photothermal-conversion efficiency as well as photothermal durability under the NIR irradiation. .. **Materials** Cystamine dihydrochloride (C4H14N2S2.2HCl) ...Sodium molybdate (Na2MoO4A*2H2O) ...... PVP with molecular weight of 360a-kDa ... **Synthesis and characterization of MoS2 NPs**Different from the former study which utilized 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylami-nopropyl) carbodiimide coupling chemistry to surface modify the top-down synthesized MoS2 nanosheets [25], [26], we herein presented a facile PVP mediated one-pot synthesis of MoS2 NPs with simultaneous surface modification. The overall synthetic procedure of MoS2 NPs was shown in Fig. 1a. C4H14N2S2.2HCl and Na2MoO4A*2H2O was employed as Mo and S source, respectively. PVP molecules were chosen as modifiers... --- [**https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2023/ra/d3ra04852g**](https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2023/ra/d3ra04852g) **Self-assembled molybdenum disulfide nanoflowers regulated by lithium sulfate for high performance supercapacitors** **Yunan Li et al** **Abstract** -- Recently, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has been extensively investigated as a promising pseudocapacitor electrode material. However, MoS2 usually exhibits inferior rate capability and cyclability, which restrain its practical application in energy storage. In this work, MoS2 nanoflowers regulated by Li2SO4 (L-MoS2) are successfully fabricated via intercalating solvated Li ions. Via appropriate intercalation of Li2SO4, MoS2 nanosheets could self-assemble to form L-MoS2 nanoflowers with an interlayer spacing of 0.65 nm. Due to the large specific surface area (23.7 m2 ga1) and high 1T phase content (77.5%), L-MoS2 as supercapacitor electrode delivers a maximum specific capacitance of 356.7 F ga1 at 1 A ga1 and maintains 49.8% of capacitance retention at 20 A ga1. Moreover, the assembled L-MoS2 symmetric supercapacitor (SSC) device displays an energy density of 6.5 W h kga1 and 79.6% of capacitance retention after 3000 cycles. **Introduction** Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), a typical two-dimensional (2D) transition metal chalcogenide, which is composed of SaMoaS layers vertically stacked via weak van der Waals attraction.1 Owing to the characteristics of high theoretical capacity and electrochemical activity, relatively large and easily expanded interlayer distance, easy preparation, and low cost, MoS2 has been extensively investigated in the field of supercapacitors, batteries and electrocatalysts.2a7 However, MoS2 usually suffers from serious stacking and agglomeration problems during the preparation process, which leads to formation of many inaccessible active sites.8 As a pseudocapacitive electrode material of supercapacitors, the low conductivity and large volume variation during repeated charge/discharge cycles also give rise to inferior rate capability and cycling stability of MoS2, which restrains its practical application in energy storage.9 Therefore, much efforts are devoted to ameliorating the capacitive performances of MoS2. To address the aforementioned drawbacks, endowing MoS2 with various kinds of nanostructures can improve its electrochemical performances. The nanostructure design can effectively avoid the stacking and agglomeration problems of MoS2 and expose more electroactive sites, which is beneficial to increasing the contact area with electrolyte ions. For instance, Kesavan et al. synthesized MoS2 nanosheets via topochemical sulfurization, which revealed a high capacitance of 119.38 F ga1 and good cyclability of 95.1% over 2000 cycles.10 Wei et al. fabricated MoS2 nanoflowers via adding sodium chloride, which displayed a high capacity of 1120 F ga1 at 0.5 A ga1 and 96% of capacitance retention after 2000 cycles.11 Broadening the interlayer spacing of MoS2 is also an effective method to enhance the rate capability and cycling stability, since large interlayer spacing can afford rapid diffusion transportation of electrolyte ions between MoS2 bilayers. Wang et al. prepared MoS2 micro flowers with an interlayer spacing of 0.94 nm by reactant conversion-intercalation strategy, which delivered a specific capacity of 246.8 F ga1 at 0.5 A ga1.12 Cai et al. fabricated PEDOT@MoS2 composite with an interlayer spacing of 1.02 nm via electrochemical co-deposition method, which exhibited a high specific capacity of 4418 mF cma2 at 2 mA cma2 and 100% of capacitance retention after 10[thin space (1/6-em)]000 cycles.13 In addition, the usually synthesized MoS2 is stable semiconducting phase (2H-MoS2) with low conductivity, while metallic phase (1T-MoS2) is thermodynamically metastable but reveals better conductivity and hydrophilicity than 2H-MoS2.14a16 Therefore, developing 1T phase dominated hybrid phase MoS2 is the optimal strategy to ameliorate the electrochemical properties of MoS2. For example, Li et al. prepared high purity MoS2 nanosheets with 83.6% of 1T phase, which achieved a high capacitance of 392 F ga1 at 1 A ga1 and 83% of capacitance retention after 10[thin space (1/6-em)]000 cycles.17 Although some progresses have been made in enhancing the electrochemical performances of MoS2-based electrodes, however, the preparation process of MoS2 usually requires a high hydrothermal reaction temperature (usually above 200 A degC), and the specific capacity and rate capability of MoS2-based electrodes is still unsatisfactory, it is urgent to develop simple and low temperature strategies to ameliorate the specific capacity and rate capability of MoS2-based electrodes. Inspired by the above literature, in this work, MoS2 nanoflowers regulated by Li2SO4 (L-MoS2) are successfully fabricated via intercalating solvated Li ions in a relatively low hydrothermal reaction temperature (180 A degC). Under appropriate intercalation of Li2SO4, MoS2 nanosheets could self-assemble to form L-MoS2 nanoflowers with an interlayer spacing of 0.65 nm. Due to the large specific surface area (23.7 m2 ga1) and high 1T phase content (77.5%), L-MoS2 as supercapacitor electrode delivers a maximum specific capacitance of 356.7 F ga1 at 1 A ga1 and maintains 49.8% of initial capacity at 20 A ga1. Moreover, the assembled L-MoS2 symmetric supercapacitor (SSC) device displays an energy density of 6.5 W h kga1 at 413 W kga1 and 79.6% of capacitance retention after 3000 cycles. --- [**https://aunj.journals.ekb.eg/article\_352393.html**](https://aunj.journals.ekb.eg/article_352393.html) [**https://aunj.journals.ekb.eg/article\_352393\_361d00db48ece73d3de06d1b16f67885.pdf**](https://aunj.journals.ekb.eg/article_352393_361d00db48ece73d3de06d1b16f67885.pdf) **One-step hydrothermal synthesis of 2H-MoS2 nanoflowers...** **Abdulaziz Abu El-Fadl Abdulaziz et al** **[ [PDF](MoS2Nanoflowers1StepHydrothermAUNJ%2053.pdf) ]** **Abstract** -- Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), with its low energy bandgap, plays an essential role in removing organic pollutants from wastewater via the mechanism of photocatalysis. In this paper, the 2H phase of MoS2 nanoflowers (NFs) as a photocatalyst was synthesized by the facial one-step hydrothermal method. Various characterization techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and UV-visible spectroscopy, were carried out to investigate the structural, morphological, chemical compositional, and optical properties of MoS2 NFs. The obtained MoS2 NFs have excellent crystallinity with an average grain size of 6.84 nm. While the calculated optical bandgap (Eg) of the MoS2 NFs was determined to be 1.82 eV. The photocatalytic activity of the as-prepared MoS2 NFs has been demonstrated by degrading both rhodamine B (RhB) and methylene blue (MB) dyes under UV and visible light irradiation. The results reflected that in the case of using the UV source, the photocatalytic degradation speed of the MB dye is very close to that of the RhB dye, while the degradation of the RhB dye is still faster and more efficient, especially in the first 20 minutes of the irradiation period. However, in the case of using visible light, the MB dye degraded faster and more efficiently than the RhB dye. In addition, the photocatalytic mechanism has been explained, and MoS2 NFs have shown excellent reusability. --- [**https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666523924000096**](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666523924000096) **An experimental and theoretical aided 2D MoS2 nanoflowers strategy for rapid visual sensing of Gallic acid in food and clinical matrixes** **Aizaz Khan et al** **[ [PDF](Experimental2DMoS2.pdf) ]** ![](Exptl2DMoS2.jpg) **...2.4. Hydrothermal synthesis of molybdenum disulphide (MoS2)** MoS2 nanoparticles were synthesized using a simple and single-stage hydrothermal method [27], as shown in Fig. 1. Briefly, 0.8 g of (NH4)6Mo7O24 and 5.12 g of CH4N2S were dissolved in 80 mL of DI water with constant stirring to generate a clear solution. The produced solution was then shifted to an autoclave and heated at 200 A degC for 16 h. The resulting black precipitates were sprinkled several times with 70 % C2H5OH before drying in an oven at 70 A degC for 12 h. Finally, the blackish-colored MoS2 nano-powder was collected and applied for the desired work... --- [**https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2018/ra/c8ra04350g**](https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2018/ra/c8ra04350g) **Hydrothermal synthesis of flower-like molybdenum disulfide microspheres and their application in electrochemical supercapacitors** **Fangping Wang, et al** **[ [PDF](Hydrothermalc8ra04350g.pdf) ]** --- [**https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0167577X12009743**](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0167577X12009743) **Synthesis and characterization of flowerlike MoS2 nanostructures through CTAB-assisted hydrothermal process** **[ [PDF](synthcharacterizationMoS2.pdf) ]** **Abstract** -- MoS2 nanoflowers were successfully synthesized by a simple hydrothermal process with the help of a surfactant. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). X-ray diffraction results showed that the as-prepared product was the hexagonal phase of MoS2 without any impurity. TEM and SEM images showed that the MoS2 nanoflowers had uniform sizes with diameter of about 1a2 I1/4m and were constructed with many irregular nanosheets as a petal-like structure with thickness of several nanometers. A possible formation mechanism of the MoS2 nanoflowers was preliminarily proposed on the basis of observations of a time-dependent morphology evolution process. --- [**https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14328917.2022.2109887**](https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14328917.2022.2109887) **Materials Research Innovations Volume 27, 2023 - Issue 3 A multifunctional nanostructured molybdenum disulphide (MoS2): an overview on synthesis, structural features, and potential applications** **C. Vidya et al** **[ [PDF](Multifunctional%20nanostructured%20molybdenum%20disulphid.pdf) ]** **ABSTRACT** -- Molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) is a versatile inorganic material due to its unique electronic, electrical, optical, and biological properties, hence widely studied for various engineering applications. The main objective of this review is to provide comprehensive information about MoS2 for the researcher intended to start research on MoS2. The beginning of the review is focused on providing information on the methods, precursors, and conditions used for the synthesis of various MoS2 nanostructures such as nanospheres, nanotubes, nanoflakes, nanobelts, nanoflowers, nanofibers, nanoclusters, nanosheets, and nanowires. The structural features of MoS2, both in pure and with other composite forms, are discussed in detail using the XRD, Raman, PL and UVavisible spectra reported by various research groups. Further, the detailed morphological features of both pure and composite forms of MoS2 are also discussed by taking selected works of SEM and TEM images. Finally and very importantly, the review also summarises the multifunctional applications of the versatile MoS2 and its composites in lubricants, exploring its tribological properties, in lithium-ion batteries, revealing its electrical and electronic property, as a catalyst for water splitting hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen evolution reactions, endorsing its potential electrochemical property, various biomedical applications such as bio sensors, bioimaging, and very importantly in environmental applications. --- [**https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40855335/**](https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40855335/) [**https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12379412/pdf/40360\_2025\_Article\_881.pdf**](https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12379412/pdf/40360_2025_Article_881.pdf) **Acute, sub-acute and developmental toxicity studies of molybdenum disulfide nanoflowers in rats, as per OECD guidelines** **Farina Hanif** **[ [PDF](Acute40360_2025_Article_881.pdf) ]** **Background:** This study aimed to investigate the potential toxic effects of Molybdenum disulfide nano-flowers (MoS2 NF), which have been suggested as a chemotherapeutic agent, but lack previous toxicity studies. **Methods:** Acute, sub-acute and developmental toxicity studies were conducted following OECD guidelines 425, 407 and 414, respectively. **Results:** In the acute toxicity study, female Wistar rats received logarithmic doses (1.75-550 mg/kg) of MoS2NF over 14 days. Results indicated a decrease in oxidative stress markers (CAT, SOD and GSH) and increased MDA levels, along with significant decrease in organ weight compared to normal control. Alterations in liver enzymes, CBC profile and lipid profile and histopathological analysis were observed in MoS2 NF groups. Sub-acute toxicity (28-day at 3 and 10 mg/kg in both male and female rats) resulted in increased levels of ALT and AST, decreased levels of CAT, SOD and GSH and increased MDA and urea levels. Sperm analysis in male group showed increased motility and concentration, with more defective morphology. In developmental toxicity studies, a 10 mg/kg dose for 21 days decreased all oxidative markers except MDA, which increased. Fetal crown-to-rump length increased, while uterine SOD, CAT and GSH levels decreased. Histopathology revealed organ damage in both sub-acute and developmental studies. Maternal weight remained unaffected, whereas fetal weight showed an increased. **Conclusion:** MoS2 NF exhibited mild-to-moderate toxicity, however, long-term and studies are recommended to assess the safety and therapeutic potential of MoS2NF. --- **MoS2 nanoflower Manufacture Patents :** **CN117623388 [ [PDF](CN117623388MoSNanoflowers.pdf) ] CN118255392** **[ [PDF](CN118255392MoSnanoflowers.pdf) ]** **CN109721105****[ [PDF](cn109721105tr.pdf) ]** **CN109019616** **[ [PDF](CN109019616tr.pdf) ]** **CN104857976** **[ [PDF](CN104857976tr.pdf) ]** **JP3994158 [ [PDF](JP3994158tr.pdf) ] WO2025085275 [[PDF](WO2025085275A1.pdf) ] WO2025128969 [ [PDF](WO2025128969A1.pdf) ]** ---