{
    "title": "Recycled Oil Auto Fuel",
    "inventor_name": "Teodorico Badua",
    "publication_year": 2008,
    "device_name": "Afuel Energy Saving Device",
    "goal": "Convert used cooking oil, engine oil and other combustible liquid waste into a flammable gas that can be added to gasoline, reducing fuel consumption and emissions.",
    "problem_addressed": "Disposal of used oil waste, high fuel consumption, vehicle exhaust emissions.",
    "concept_summary": "The device heats waste oil in a gas generator, vaporising it into a combustible gas that is injected into the engine's intake. The added gas supplements gasoline, providing up to 30 % fuel savings, increased torque and power, and lower hydrocarbon/CO emissions. The device also produces solid sediments that reduce waste disposal needs.",
    "detailed_description": null,
    "principles": [
        "Thermal conversion of liquid waste to gas",
        "Combustion gas supplementation",
        "Energy recovery from waste streams"
    ],
    "scientific_domains": [
        "Mechanical Engineering",
        "Thermodynamics",
        "Combustion"
    ],
    "mechanisms_of_action": [
        "Heating waste oil to vaporise it into a flammable gas",
        "Injecting the gas into the engine intake to augment fuel mixture"
    ],
    "materials": [
        "used cooking oil",
        "engine oil",
        "washing fuel"
    ],
    "energy_sources": [
        "combustible liquid waste (used oil)"
    ],
    "inputs": [
        "waste oil (liquid)",
        "heat (from device heater)",
        "air (engine intake)"
    ],
    "outputs": [
        "flammable gas (fuel vapour)",
        "solid sediments"
    ],
    "claimed_performance": "Fuel savings up to 30 %; increased engine power, torque and speed; reduced hydrocarbon and carbon-monoxide emissions.",
    "experimental_evidence": "Tested on a 1994 vehicle; observed increased engine power, torque and speed, and longer mileage per liter of fuel. Sediment reduction reported when processing a litre of used oil.",
    "replication_status": "Only a single vehicle test reported; no independent replication documented.",
    "keywords": [
        "used oil",
        "fuel additive",
        "gasification",
        "energy saving",
        "vehicle fuel",
        "waste recycling"
    ],
    "related_technologies": [
        "oil gasifier",
        "fuel-oil additive",
        "exhaust heat recovery"
    ],
    "controversy_level": "low",
    "confidence_score": 0.78,
    "practicability_score": 0.62,
    "fringe_score": 0.28,
    "evidence_strength": 0.45,
    "risk_score": 0.18,
    "trl_estimate": 4,
    "source_urls": [
        "http://blogs.inquirer.net/insidescience/2008/11/19/filipino-inventor-turns-used-oil-to-fuel/",
        "https://patents.google.com/patent/US2009282827"
    ],
    "organizations": [
        "National Inventors Week",
        "Philippine Trade and Training Center"
    ],
    "applications": [
        "Vehicle fuel supplementation",
        "Waste oil disposal"
    ],
    "limitations": [
        "Requires heating of waste oil, consuming energy",
        "Gas quality and consistency not quantified",
        "Potential engine compatibility issues"
    ],
    "open_questions": [
        "Long-term durability of the gas generator",
        "Exact emissions profile of the supplemented fuel",
        "Scalability to larger fleets"
    ],
    "red_flags": [],
    "evidence_quotes": [
        "This device transforms used oil and other combustible liquid waste into flammable gas that can be added to the engine fuel, which can translate to fuel savings of up to 30 percent.",
        "He tested his invention on a 1994 vehicle and was able to see increased engine power, torque and speed, which allows for longer mileage in every liter of fuel consumed.",
        "The lubricity of the gas oil reduces friction and heat between pistons and cylinders that also pronged engine life, he adds.",
        "From processing a liter of used oil, you get several grams of sediments, which is a big help in reducing unnecessary disposal of waste oil."
    ],
    "category": "Hydrogen & Alternative Fuels"
}