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**John C. BEDINI** **Motor / Generator**  


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**[John Bedini: US Patent #
6,392,370 ~ Device & Method of a Back-EMF
Electromagnetic Motor Generator](#6392)**  
**[J. Bedini: USP # 6,545,444 ~ Device and
Method for Utilizing a Monopole Motor to Create Back-EMF
to Charge Batteries](#6545)**  
**[J. Bedini: USP Application # 20020097013 ~
Permanent Electromagnetic Motor Generator](#2002)**  
**[J. Bedini: KeelyNet / Escribe BBS
Comments](#bedkeelynet)**  
**[KeelyNet Forum](#keelynet)**  
**[OtherPower.com Forum](#otherpower)**  
**[Battery Test](#battest)**  
**[PESWiki.com: "School Girl" Science Fair
Bedini Motor Replication](#peswiki)**  
**[Links](#links)**  
**[Images](images.htm)**




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**John C. Bedini (1980s)**

![](bedini.gif)

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**US Patent # 6,392,370**

**May 21, 2002 ~ US Cl. 318/140**

**Device and Method of a Back EMF
Permanent Electromagnetic Motor Generator**

**John Bedini**

**Abstract ---** This invention
is a back EMF permanent electromagnetic motor generator and
method using a regauging process for capturing available
electromagnetic energy in the system. The device is comprised
of a rotor with magnets of the same polarity; a timing wheel
in apposition to a magnetic Hall Effect pickup switch
semiconductor; and a stator comprised of two bars connected by
a permanent magnet with magnetized pole pieces at one end of
each bar. There are input and output coils created by wrapping
each bar with a conducting material such as copper wire.
Energy from the output coils is transferred to a recovery
rectifier or diode. The magnets of the rotor, which is located
on a shaft along with the timing wheel, are in apposition to
the magnetized pole pieces of the two bars. The invention
works through a process of regauging, that is, the flux fields
created by the coils is collapsed because of a reversal of the
magnetic field in the magnetized pole pieces thus allowing the
capture of available back EMP energy. Additional available
energy may be captured and used to re-energize the battery,
and/or sent in another direction to be used as work. As an
alternative, the available back EMF energy may be dissipated
into the system.

Current U.S. Class: 318/140;
318/492; 318/538; 310/113   
Intern'l Class:  H02K 047/14   
Field of Search:  318/140,148,151,153,459,491,492,538
310/152,156,112,113

**References Cited**   
**U.S. Patent Documents:**   
2,560,260 ~ Jul., 1951 ~ Sturtevant, et al.   
2,613,246 ~ Oct., 1952 ~ Spodig   
2,974,981 ~ Mar., 1961 ~ Vervest, et al.   
4,222,021 ~ Sep., 1980 ~ Bunker, Jr.   
4,265,746 ~ May., 1981 ~ Zimmerman, Sr., et al.   
4,265,754  ~ May., 1981 ~ Menold   
4,417,167 ~ Nov., 1983 ~ Ishii, et al.   
4,423,343 ~ Dec., 1983 ~ Field, II.   
4,429,263 ~ Jan., 1984 ~ Miiller   
4,433,260 ~ Feb., 1984 ~ Weisbord, et al.   
4,488,075 ~ Dec., 1984 ~ DeCesare   
RE31,950 ~ Jul., 1985 ~ Binns   
4,536,230 ~ Aug., 1985 ~ Landa, et al.   
4,761,590 ~ Aug., 1988 ~ Kaszman   
4,916,346 ~ Apr., 1990 ~ Kliman   
4,972,112 ~ Nov., 1990 ~ Kim   
4,980,595 ~ Dec., 1990 ~ Arora   
5,130,595 ~ Jul., 1992 ~ Arora   
5,177,054 ~ Jan., 1993 ~ Lloyd, et al.   
5,227,702 ~ Jul., 1993 ~ Nahirney   
5,334,894 ~ Aug., 1994 ~ Nakagawa   
5,350,958 ~ Sep., 1994 ~ Ohnishi   
5,356,534 ~ Oct., 1994 ~ Zimmerman, et al.   
5,369,325 ~ Nov., 1994 ~ Nagate, et al.   
5,371,426 ~ Dec., 1994 ~ Nagate, et al.   
5,451,825 ~ Sep., 1995 ~ Strohm   
5,508,575 ~ Apr., 1996 ~ Elrod, Jr.   
5,514,923 ~ May., 1996 ~ Gossler, et al.   
5,528,113 ~ Jun., 1996 ~ Boys, et al. ~ 318/16.   
5,532,532 ~ Jul., 1996 ~ DeVault, et al.   
5,731,645 ~ Mar., 1998 ~ Clifton, et al. 310/74.   
6,118,202 ~ Sep., 2000 ~ Pinkerton ~ 310/178.

**Foreign Patent Documents:**   
0 462,340 Dec., 1991 EP.   
0 932 248 Jul., 1999 EP.   
2 224,398 May., 1990 GB.   
WO 99/38,247 Jul., 1999 WO.

**Description**

**BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION**

**1. Field of the Invention**

The invention relates generally to
the capturing of electromagnetic energy using a method and
device to create back EMF (electromagnetic force) and
re-phasing of the back EMF to recycle and capture the
available back EMF energy. Back EMF is also referred to as
regauging and may be defined as energy created by the magnetic
field from coils, and only by coils, and not by magnets.

**2. Background Information and
Related Art**

Operation of a normal magnetic
motor has the rotor pole attracting the stator pole, resulting
in the generation of power from the magnets to the rotor and
flywheel. During this phase, energy flows from the magnetics
to the rotor/flywheel and is stored in the increased rotation.
A rotor pole leaving a stator pole and creating a condition of
drag-back results in power having to be put back into the
magnetic section by the rotor and flywheel to forcibly
overcome the drag-back. In a perfect, friction-free motor, the
net force field is therefore referred to as most conservative.
In other words, a most conservative EMF motor has maximum
efficiency. Without extra energy continually fed to the motor,
no net work can be done by the magnetic field, since half the
time the magnetic field adds energy to the load (the rotor and
flywheel) and the other half of the time it subtracts energy
back from the load (the rotor and flywheel). Therefore the
total net energy output is zero in any such rotary process
without additional energy input. To use a present day magnetic
motor, continuous energy must be input into the motor to
overcome drag-back and to power the motor and its load.

Present EMF motors and generators
all use such conservative fields and therefore, have internal
losses. Hence, it is necessary to continually input all of the
energy that the motor outputs to the load, plus more energy to
cover losses inside the motor itself. EMF motors are rated for
efficiency and performance by how much energy input into the
motor actually results in output energy to the load. Normally,
the Coefficient of Performance (COP) rating is used as a
measure of efficiency. The COP is the actual output energy
going into the load and powering it, divided by the energy
that must be input into the device with its load. COP is the
power out into the load, divided by the power input into the
motor/load combination. If there were zero internal losses in
a motor, that "perfect" motor would have a coefficient of
performance (COP) equal to 1.0. That is, all energy input into
the motor would be output by the motor directly into the load,
and none of the input energy would be lost or dissipated in
the motor itself.

In magnetic motor generators
presently in use, however, due to friction and design flaws,
there are always internal losses and inefficiencies. Some of
the energy input into the motor is dissipated in these
internal losses. As a consequence, the energy that gets to the
load is always less than the input energy. So a standard motor
operates with a COP of less than 1.0 which is expressed as
COP<1.0. An inefficient motor may have a COP=0.4 or 0.45,
while a specially designed, highly efficient motor may have a
COP=0.85.

The conservative field inside of a
motor itself can be divided into two phases. Producing a
conservative field involves net symmetry between the "power
out" phase from the magnetics to the rotor/flywheel and the
"power back in" phase from the rotor/flywheel back to the
magnetics. That is, the two flows of energy (one from the
magnetics into the rotor and flywheel, and one from the rotor
and flywheel back to the magnetics) are identical in magnitude
but opposite in direction. Each phase alone is said to be
"asymmetrical"; that is, it either has: 1) a net energy flow
out to the rotor/flywheel; or 2) a net energy flow back into
the magnetics from the rotor/flywheel. In simplified terms, it
is referred to as "power out" and "power back in" phases with
respect to the motor magnetics. Hence, the two asymmetrical
phases are: 1) the power-out phase; and 2) the "power back in"
phase, with reference to the magnetics.

For the power-out phase, energy is
derived from the EMF existing between the stator pole and
incoming rotor pole in an attraction mode. In this phase, the
rotary motion (angular momentum and kinetic energy) of the
rotor and flywheel is increased. In short, power is added to
the rotor/flywheel (and thus to the load) from the fields
between stator pole and rotor pole (the electromagnetic
aspects of the system).

For the "power back in" phase,
energy must be fed back into the magnetics from the rotor and
flywheel (and the load) to overcome the drag-back forces
existing between stator pole and outgoing rotor pole. In this
phase, energy is returned back to the internal magnetic system
from the rotary motion of the rotor and flywheel (the angular
momentum, which is the rotational energy.times.time). As is
well known in physics, a rotor/flywheel's angular momentum
provides a convenient way to store energy with the spinning
rotor/flywheel mass acting as an energy reservoir.

All present day conventional
magnetic motors use various methods for overcoming and
partially reversing back EMF. Back EMF is the return pulse
from the coil out of phase and is also referred to as
regauging. The back EMF is shorted out and the rotor is
attracted back in, therefore eliminating back drag. This can
be accomplished by pouring in more energy, which overpowers
the back EMF, thereby producing a forward EMP in that region.
The energy required for this method must be furnished by the
operator.

The motor of the present invention
uses only a small amount of energy to "trigger" a much larger
input of available energy by supplying back EMF, thus
increasing the potential energy of the system. It then
utilizes this excess potential energy to reduce or reverse
back EMF, thereby increasing the efficiency of the motor and,
therefore, the COP.

If the energy in phase 1 (the
power-out phase) is increased by additional available energy
in the electromagnetics themselves, then the energy in phase 1
can be made greater than the energy in phase 2 (the
power-back-in phase) without the operator furnishing the
energy utilized. This produces a non-conservative net field.
Net power can then be taken from the rotating stator and
flywheel, because the available energy added into the stator
and flywheel by the additional effects, is transformed by the
rotor/flywheel into excess angular momentum and stored as
such. Angular momentum is conserved at all times; but now some
of the angular momentum added to the flywheel is evoked by
additional effects in the electromagnetics rather than being
furnished by the operator.

Electrodynamicists assume that the
potential available energy of any system can be changed at
will and without cost. This is back EMF and is well-known in
physics. It is also routinely employed by electrodynamicists
in the theoretical aspects. But to simplify the mathematics,
electrodynamicists will create a back EMF twice
simultaneously, each back EMF carefully selected just so that
the two available forces that are produced are equal and
opposite and cancel each other "symmetrically". This is
referred to as "symmetrical back EMF". A symmetrical back EMF
system cannot produce a COP>1.0.

On the other hand, the motor of the
present invention deliberately creates a back EMF itself and
its potential energy only once at a time, thereby retaining
each extra force for a period of time and applying it to
increase the angular momentum and kinetic energy of the rotor
and flywheel. Specifically, this back EMF energy with its net
force is deliberately applied in the motor of the present
invention to overcome and even reverse the conventional
drag-back (the back EMF). Hence less energy must be taken from
the rotor and flywheel to overcome the reduced back EMF, and
in the ideal case none is required since the back EMF has been
overpowered and converted to forward EMF by the back EMF
energy and force. In the motor of the present invention, the
conventional back-drag section of the magnetics becomes a
forward-EMF section and now adds energy to the rotor/flywheel
instead of subtracting it. The important feature is that the
operator only pays for the small amount of energy necessary to
trigger the back EMF, and does not have to furnish the much
larger back EMF energy itself.

When the desired energy in phase 1
(the power out phase) is thus made greater than the undesired
"drag-back" energy in phase 2, then part of the output power
normally dragged back from the rotor and flywheel by the
fields in phase 2 is not required. Hence, additional power
compared to the system (without the special back EMF
mechanisms) is available from the rotor/flywheel. The rotor
maintains additional angular momentum and kinetic energy,
compared to a system which does not produce back EMF itself.
Consequently, the excess angular momentum retained by the
rotor and flywheel can be utilized as additional shaft power
to power an external load connected to the shaft.

A standard magnetic motor operates
as the result of the motor being furnished with external
energy input into the system by the operator to reduce phase 2
(power back into the magnetics from the rotor/flywheel) by any
of several methods and mechanisms. The primary purpose of this
external energy input into the system is to overcome the back
EMF and also provide for the inevitable energy losses in the
system. There is no input of energy separate from the operator
input. Therefore, the COP of any standard magnetic motor is
COP less than 1.0. The efficiency of a standard magnetic motor
varies from less than 50% to a maximum of about 85%, and so
has a COP<1.0. When nothing is done in the motor that will
produce a reduction of the back EMF without the operator
inputing all the energy for it, then for even a frictionless,
ideal permanent magnet motor, the COP can never exceed 1.0.

Until the introduction of the motor
of the present invention, it has been standard universal
practice that the operator must furnish all energy used to
reduce the back EMF, provide for the internal losses, and
power the load. It is therefore a common belief by the
scientific community that an ideal (loss-less) permanent
magnet motor cannot exceed COP=1.0. And that is true, so long
as the operator himself must furnish all the energy. Further,
since real permanent magnetic motors have real internal
losses, some of the input energy is always lost in the motor
itself, and that lost energy is not available for powering the
rotor/flywheel and load. Hence a real permanent magnetic motor
of the conventional kind will always have a COP<1.0.

The common assumption that the COP
of a motor is limited to less than 1.0 is not necessarily
true, and that COP>1.0 is permitted without violating the
laws of nature, laws of physics, or laws of thermodynamics.
However, it can immediately be seen that any permanent magnet
motor exhibiting a COP>1.0 must have some available energy
input returning in the form of back EMF.

A problem relates to how back EMF
energy can be obtained from a circuit's external environment
for the specific task of reducing the back-drag EMF without
the operator having to supply any input of that excess energy.
In short, the ultimate challenge is to find a way to cause the
system to: 1) become an open dissipative system, that is, a
system receiving available excess energy from its environment,
in other words, from an external source; and 2) use that
available excess energy to reduce the drag-back EMF between
stator and rotor poles as the rotor pole is leaving the stator
pole. If this objective can be accomplished, the system will
be removed from thermodynamic equilibrium. Instead, it will be
converted to a system out-of-thermodynamic equilibrium. Such a
system is not required to obey classical equilibrium
thermodynamics.

Instead, an out-of-equilibrium
thermodynamic system must obey the thermodynamics of open
systems far from the established and well-known parameters of
thermodynamic equilibrium. As is well known in the physics of
thermodynamics, such open systems can permissibly: 1)
self-order; 2) self-oscillate; 3) output more back EMF energy
than energy input by the operator (the available excess back
EMF energy is received from an external source and some energy
is input by the operator as well); 4) power itself as well as
its loads and losses simultaneously (in that case, all the
energy is received from the available external source and
there is no input energy from the operator); and 5) exhibit
negentropy, that is, produce an increase of energy that is
available in the system, and that is independent of the energy
put into the system by the operator. As a definition, entropy
roughly corresponds to the energy of a system that has become
unavailable for use. Negentropy corresponds to additional
energy of a system that has become available for use.

In the back EMF permanent magnet
electromagnetic motor generator of the present invention,
several known processes and methods are utilized which allow
the invention to operate periodically as an open dissipative
system (receiving available excess energy from back EMF) far
from thermodynamic equilibrium, whereby it produces and
receives its excess energy from a known external source.

A method is utilized to temporarily
produce a much larger source of available external energy
around an energized coil. Then the unique design features of
this new motor provides a method and mechanism that can
immediately produce a second increase in that energy,
concurrently as the energy flow is reversed. Therefore, the
motor is capable of producing two asymmetrical back EMFs, one
after the other, of the energy within a single coil, which
dramatically increases the energy available and causes that
available excess energy to then enter the circuit impulsively,
being collected and utilized.

The present motor utilizes this
available excess back EMF energy to overcome and even reverse
the back-drag EMF between stator pole and rotor pole, while
furnishing only a small trigger pulse of energy necessary to
control and activate the direction of the back EMF energy
flow.

By using a number of such dual
asymmetrical self back EMFs for every revolution of the rotor,
the rotor and flywheel collectively focus all the excess
impulsive inputs into increased angular momentum (expressed as
energy.times.time), shaft torque, and shaft power.

Further, some of the excess energy
deliberately generated in the coil by the utilization of the
dual process manifests in the form of excess electrical energy
in the circuit and is utilized to power electrical loads,
e.g., a lamp, fan, motor, or other electrical devices. The
remainder of the excess energy generated in the coil can be
used to power the rotor and flywheel, with the rotor/flywheel
also furnishing shaft horsepower for powering mechanical
loads.

This new and unique motor utilizes
a means to furnish the relatively small amount of energy to
initiate the impulsive asymmetrical self back EMF actions.
Then part of the available excess electrical power drawn off
from the back EMFs is utilized to recharge the battery with
dramatically increased over voltage pulses.

The unique design features of this
motor utilize both north and south magnetic poles of each
rotor and stator magnet. Therefore, the number of impulsive
self back EMFs in a single rotation of the rotor is doubled.
Advanced designs increase the number of self back EMFs in a
single rotor rotation with the result that there is an
increase in the number of impulses per rotation which increase
the power output of this new motor.

The sharp voltage pulse produced in
the coil of this new motor by the rapidly collapsing field in
the back EMF coil is connected to a battery in charge mode and
to an external electrical load. The net result is that the
coil asymmetrically creates back EMF itself in a manner adding
available energy and impulse to the circuit. The excess
available energy collected in the coil is used to reverse the
back-EMF phase of the stator-rotor fields to a forward EMF
condition, impulsively adding acceleration and angular
momentum to the rotor and flywheel. At the same time, a part
of the excess energy collected in the coil is used to power
electrical loads such as charging a battery and operating a
lamp or such other device.

It is well known in the art that
changing the voltage alone creates a back EMF and requires no
work. This is because to change the potential energy does not
require changing the form of that potential energy, but only
its magnitude. Work is rigorously the changing of the form of
energy. Therefore, as long as the form of the potential energy
is not changed, the magnitude can be changed without having to
perform work in the process. The motor of the present
invention takes advantage of this permissible operation to
create back EMF asymmetrically, and thereby change its own
usable available potential energy.

In an electric power system, the
potential (voltage) is changed by inputing energy to do work
on the internal charges of the generator or battery. This
potential energy is expended within the generator (or battery)
to force the internal charges apart, forming a source dipole.
Then the external closed circuit system connected to that
source dipole ineptly pumps the spent electrons in the ground
line back through the back EMP of the source dipole, thereby
scattering the charges and killing the dipole. This shuts off
the energy flow from the source dipole to the external
circuit. As a consequence of that conventional method, it is a
requirement to input and replace additional energy to again
restore the dipole. The circuits currently utilized in most
electrical generators have been designed to keep on destroying
the energy flow by continually scattering all of the dipole
charges and terminating the dipole. Therefore, it is necessary
to keep on inputing energy to the generator to keep restoring
its source dipole.

An investigation of particle
physics is required to see what furnishes the energy to the
external circuit. Since neither a battery nor a generator
furnishes energy to the external circuit, but only furnishes
energy to form the source dipole, a better understanding of
the electric power principle is required to fully understand
how this new motor functions. A typical battery uses its
stored chemical energy to form the source dipole. A generator
utilizes its input shaft energy to rotate, forming an internal
magnetic field in which the positive charges are forced to
move in one direction and the negative charges in the reverse
direction, thereby forming the source dipole. In other words,
the energy input into the generator does nothing except form
the source dipole. None of the input energy goes to the
external circuit. If increased current is drawn into the
external load, there also is increased spent electron flow
being rammed back through the source dipole, destroying it
faster. Therefore, dipole-restoring-energy has to be inputed
faster. The chemical energy of the battery also is expended
only to separate its internal charges and form its source
dipole. Again, if increased current and power is drawn into
the external load, there is increased spent electron flow
being rammed back through the source dipole, destroying it
faster. This results in a depletion of the battery's stored
energy faster, by forcing it to have to keep restoring the
dipole faster.

Once the generator or battery
source dipole is formed (the dipole is attached also to the
external circuit), it is well known in particle physics that
the dipole (as is any charge) is a broken symmetry in the
vacuum energy flux. By definition, this means that the source
dipole extracts and orders part of that energy received from
its vacuum interaction, and pours that energy out as the
energy flowing through all space surrounding the external
conductors in the attached circuit. Most of this enormous
energy flow surging through space surrounding the external
circuit does not strike the circuit at all, and does not get
intercepted or utilized. Neither is it diverged into the
circuit to power the electrons, but passes on out into space
and is just "wasted". Only a small "sheath" of the energy flow
along the surface of the conductors strikes the surface
charges in those conductors and is thereby diverged into the
circuit to power the electrons. Standard texts show the huge
available but wasted energy flow component, but only calculate
the small portion of the energy flow that strikes the circuit,
is caught by it, and is utilized to power it.

In a typical circuit, the huge
available but "wasted" component of the energy flow is about
10.sup.13 times as large as is the small component intercepted
by the surface charges and diverged into the circuit to power
it. Hence, around every circuit and circuit element such as a
coil, there exists a huge non-intercepted, non-diverged energy
flow that is far greater than the small energy flow being
diverted and used by the circuit or element.

Thus there exists an enormous
untapped energy flow immediately surrounding every EMF power
circuit, from which available excess energy can be intercepted
and collected by the circuit, if respective non-linear actions
are initiated that sharply affect and increase the reaction
cross section of the circuit (i.e., its ability to intercept
this available but usually wasted energy flow).

The method in which the motor of
the present invention alters the reaction cross section of the
coils in the circuit, is by a novel use, which momentarily
changes the reaction cross section of the coil in which it is
invoked. Thus, by this new motor using only a small amount of
current in the form of a triggering pulse, it is able to evoke
and control the immediate change of the coil's reaction cross
section to this normally wasted energy flow component. As a
result, the motor captures and directs some of this usually
wasted environmental energy, collecting the available excess
energy in the coil and then releasing it for use in the motor.
By timing and switching, the innovative gate design in this
new motor directs the available excess energy so that it
overcomes and reverses the return EMF of the rotor-stator pole
combination during what would normally be the back EMF and
demonstrates the creation of the second back EMF of the
system. Now instead of an "equal retardation" force being
produced in the back EMF region, a forward EMF is produced
that is additive to the rotor/flywheel energy and not
subtractive. In short, it further accelerates the
rotor/flywheel.

This results in a non-conservative
magnetic field along the rotor's path. The line integral of
the field around that path (i.e., the net work on the
rotor/flywheel to increase its energy and angular momentum) is
not zero but a significant amount. Hence, the creation of an
asymmetrical back EMF impulse magnetic motor: 1) takes its
available excess energy from a known external source, the huge
usually non-intercepted portion of the energy flow around the
coil; 2) further increases the source dipolarity by this back
EMF energy; and 3) produces available excess energy flow
directly from the source dipole's increased broken symmetry in
its fierce energy exchange with the local vacuum.

No laws of physics or
thermodynamics are violated in the method and device of the
present invention, and conservation of energy rigorously
applies at all times. Nonetheless, by operating as an open
dissipative system not in thermodynamic equilibrium with the
active vacuum, the system can permissibly receive available
excess energy from a known environmental source and output
more energy to a load than must be input by the operator
alone. As an open system not in thermodynamic equilibrium,
this new and unique motor can tap in on back EMF to energize
itself, loads and losses simultaneously, fully complying with
known laws of physics and thermodynamics.

A search of prior art failed to
reveal any devices that recycle available energy from back EMF
of a permanent electromagnetic motor generator as described in
the present invention. However, the following prior art
patents were reviewed:

1. US Pat. No. 5,532,532 to
DeVault, et al., Hermetically Sealed Super-conducting Magnet
Motor.

2. US Pat. No. 5,508,575 to Elrod,
Jr., Direct Drive Servovalve Having Magnetically Loaded
Bearing.

3. US Pat. No. 5,451,825 to Strohm,
Voltage Homopolar Machine.

4. US Pat. No. 5,371,426 to Nagate
et al., Rotor For Brushless Motor.

5. US Pat. No. 5,369,325 to Nagate
et al., Rotor For Brushless Electromotor And Method For Making
Same.

6. US Pat. No. 5,356,534 to
Zimmermann, deceased et al., Magnetic-Field Amplifier.

7. US Pat. No. 5,350,958 to
Ohnishi, Super-conducting Rotating Machine, A Super-conducting
Coil, And A Super-conducting Generator For Use In A Lighting
Equipment Using Solar Energy.

8. US Pat. No. 5,334,894 to
Nakagawa, Rotary Pulse Motor.

9. US Pat. No. 5,177,054 to Lloyd,
et al., Flux Trapped Superconductor Motor and Method.

10. US Pat. No. 5,130,595 to Arora,
Multiple Magnetic Paths Pulse Machine.

11. US Pat. No. 4,980,595 to Arora,
Multiple Magnetics Paths Machine.

12. US Pat. No. 4,972,112 to Kim,
Brushless D.C. Motor.

13. US Pat. No. 4,916,346 to
Kliman, Composite Rotor Lamination For Use In Reluctance
Homopolar, And Permanent Magnet Machines.

14. US Pat. No. 4,761,590 to
Kaszman, Electric Motor.

15. US Pat. No. 4,536,230 to Landa,
et al., Anisotropic Permanent Magnets.

16. US Pat. No. Re. 31,950 to
Binns, Alternating Current Generators And Motors.

17. US Pat. No. 4,488,075 to
DeCesare, Alternator With Rotor Axial Flux Excitation.

18. US Pat. No. 4,433,260 to
Weisbord et al., Hysteresis Synchronous Motor Utilizing
Polarized Rotor.

19. US Pat. No. 4,429,263 to
Muller, Low Magnetic Leakage Flux Brushless Pulse Controlled
D-C Motor.

20. US Pat. No. 4,423,343 to Field,
II, Synchronous Motor System.

21. US Pat. No. 4,417,167 to Ishii
et al., DC Brushless Motor.

22. US Pat. No. 4,265,754 to
Menold, Water Treating Apparatus and Methods.

23. US Pat. No. 4,265,746 to
Zimmermann, Sr. et al. Water Treating Apparatus and Methods.

24. US Pat. No. 4,222,021 to
Bunker, Jr., Magnetic Apparatus Appearing To Possess a Single
Pole.

25. US Pat. No. 2,974,981 to
Vervest et al., Arrester For Iron Particles.

26. US Pat. No. 2,613,246 to
Spodig, Magnetic System.

27. US Pat. No. 2,560,260 to
Sturtevant et al., Temperature Compensated Magnetic
Suspension.

**SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION**

The device and method of the
present invention is a new permanent electromagnetic motor
generator that recycles back EMF energy (regauging) thus
allowing the motor to produce an energy level of COP=0.98,
more or less, depending upon configuration, circuitry,
switching elements and the number and size of stators, rotors
and coils that comprise the motor. The rotor is fixed between
two pole pieces of the stator. The motor generator is
initially energized from a small starter battery means,
analogous to a spark plug, that sends a small amount of energy
to the motor, thus stimulating a rotating motion from the
rotor. As the rotor rotates, energy is captured from the
surrounding electromagnetic field containing an asymmetrical
pulse wave of back EMF. The energy produced and captured can
be directed in one of several directions, including returning
energy to the initial starter battery, rotating a shaft for
work and/or sending a current to energize a fan, light bulb or
other such device.

**BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE
DRAWINGS**

**FIG. 1** is a top perspective
view of a back EMF permanent electromagnetic motor generator
with a single stator and a single rotor.

![](6392-1.gif)

**[FIG. 1a](6392-1a.gif)**
is a side perspective view of a timing wheel and magnetic Hall
Effect uptake switch of the back EMF motor generator.

**[FIG. 1b](6392-1b.gif)**
is a side perspective view of the rotor of the back EMF motor
generator.

**[FIG. 2](6392-2.gif)**
is a schematic drawing incorporating circuitry for the back
EMF motor generator.

**[FIG. 3](6392-3.gif)**
is a box diagram showing the relationships of the back EMF
motor generator circuitry.

**DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE
INVENTION**

The present invention is a device
and method for creating a back EMF permanent electromagnetic
motor generator. As described in the Background Information,
this new motor generator conforms to all applicable
electrodynamic laws of physics and is in harmony with the law
of the conservation of energy, the laws of electromagnetism
and other related natural laws.

The back EMF permanent
electromagnetic motor generator is comprised of combination of
electrical, material and magnetic elements to capture
available electromagnetic energy (back EMF) in a recovery
rectifier or single diode from output coils. The capturing of
back EMF energy is also known as regauging in the art. As an
arbitrary starting point in describing this invention, an
input battery, as a means of energy, sends power through a
power on-off switch and then to a means for timing such as a
magnetic timing switch (Hall Effect magnetic pickup switch, a
semiconductor) which interfaces with or is in apposition to a
magnet on a timing wheel. The timing wheel may contain any
number of magnets of one or more, with the South polarity
facing outward and in apposition with the Hall Effect pickup
switch. The timing wheel is mounted at the end of a shaft that
also runs through the center midline of a rotor containing any
number of magnets of two or more. The rotor magnets are
arranged in a manner wherein they have the same polarity and
are equidistant from each other. The shaft has the timing
wheel mounted at one end, the rotor, and then a means for
work, such as a power take off at the opposite end. However,
there are other embodiments in which the position of the
rotor, timing wheel and power take-off have other
arrangements. The rotor is stabilized to a platform or housing
means and is fixed in a stationary position within a stator.

The stator is comprised of a
permanent magnet connected to a means for conducting
electromagnetic energy such as two parallel bars, each bar
having a magnetized pole piece at one end of each bar. The
conduction material of the bar may be ferrous, powdered iron,
silicon steel, stainless magnetic steel, laminations of
conductive material or any other magnetic conductive material.
Each bar is wrapped in a conducting means to form an input
coil. The means for conducting may be copper, aluminum or any
other conductive material suitable for making a coil. The
primary or input coil is connected to the switching circuit. A
second conductive wrapping on top of the input coil becomes a
secondary or output coil. The secondary or output coil is
connected to the recovery circuit. The rotor is symmetrically
located between the pole pieces of the bars of the stator and
contains a series of magnets all having the same polarity,
North or South, with each magnet in the rotor being in
apposition to the pole piece as the rotor is in rotation
around the shaft.

When the rotor is energized from
the battery of the switching circuit, there is an initial
magnetic field that is instantly overcome as the magnetized
pole pieces are in apposition with the rotor magnets. As the
rotor begins to move, increasing electromagnetic energy is
produced as a result of flux gaiting from the apposed magnets
of the rotor and pole pieces. The coils surrounding the bars
"buck" the permanent magnet connecting the bars. This is known
in the art as the "buck boosting" principle. When the
permanent magnet is bucked by the coils, it reverses the
polarity of the pole pieces which are apposed to the rotor
magnets causing the rotor to increase its rotation or spin.
The energy available from the fields that are collapsing in
the primary and secondary coils, which creates the back EMF
within the system, is now in non-equilibrium. Through
circuitry and a switching means, energy can be put back into
the system. Available energy captured from the back EMF, may
be applied in different directions, including re-energizing
the input battery, storage in a capacitor, conversion by a
recovery rectifier to be stored in the input battery, a
capacitor or a secondary or recovery battery. Recovery
rectifiers convert AC to DC. Available energy may be used to
energize an electric bulb, fan or any other uses.

The shaft in the midline of the
rotor can transfer energy in the form of work through a power
take-off. The power take-off may be connected to any number of
secondary shafts, wheels, gears and belts to increase or
reduce torque.

This is a description of the basic
invention, however, there are an innumerable number of
combinations and embodiments of stators, rotors, Hall Effect
magnetic pickup switches, coils, recovery rectifiers and
electronic connecting modes that may be combined on a single
shaft or several shafts connected in various combinations and
sequences, and of various sizes. There may be any number of
stators to one rotor, however, there can be only one rotor if
there is a single stator. The number of Hall Effect pickup
switches may vary, for example, in the case of multiple
stators of high resistant coils, the coils may be parallel to
form a low resistant coil so that one Hall Effect pickup with
one circuit may fire all of the stators at the same time. The
number of magnets in both the timing wheel and the rotor may
also vary in number as well as the size and strength of the
magnets in gauss units. All types of magnets may be used. The
number of winds on both the input and output coils on each
conducting bar may also vary in number and in conductive
material.

The motor generator, as shown in
FIG. 1, a top perspective view of a single stator, single
rotor back EMF motor and is comprised of a means of providing
energy, such as input battery 10 connected to power switch 11
(shown in FIG. 2) and Hall Effect magnetic pickup switch 13.
Magnetic pickup 13 interfaces with timing wheel 12 to form a
timing switch. Timing wheel 12 is comprised of four magnets 14
with the South pole of each said magnet facing outward to
magnetic pickup 13. Timing wheel 12 is fixed at one end of
shaft 15. Located on shaft 15 is rotor 16. Rotor 16 can be of
any size, said rotor containing four rotor magnets 17. Said
rotor magnets 17 are arranged in a manner so all have the same
polarity. Opposite timing wheel 12 on shaft 15 is a means for
work, such as a power take-off 18. Rotor 16 is mounted in a
fixed position with rotor magnets 17 in apposition with
magnetized pole pieces 19a and 19b. Each pole piece 19a and
19b is connected to iron bars 20a and 20b. Iron bars 20a and
20b are connected by a permanent magnet 21. A means for
conduction is wrapped around iron bars 20a and 20b to form
input coils 22a and 22b. Superimposed upon input coils 22a and
22b are output coils 23a and 23b. Output coils 23a and 23b are
connected to full wave bridge first recovery rectifier 24a.
First rectifier 24a is connected to battery 10.

FIG. 1a is a perspective side view
of the back EMF Motor Generator timing wheel 12 with Hall
Effect magnetic pickup switch 13 in apposition individually to
each of four magnets 14 as said timing wheel 12 rotates. Said
magnets 14 have the South polarity facing outward with an
equidistant separation of 90.degree..

FIG. 1b is a perspective side view
of rotor 16 with four rotor magnets 17 with 900 equidistant
separation and having the same polarity.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of
the motor generator circuitry showing input coil connections
from input battery 10 through power switch 11, transistors
30a,b, resistors 31a-d, through power supply lead 32 (VCC+)
and to magnetic pickup 13. Magnetic pickup 13 is in apposition
with timing wheel magnets 14 located on timing wheel 12. Off
of magnetic pickup 13 is collector lead 33 and ground lead 34.
When current is reversed, it flows through resistor 31e and
transistor 30c to input battery 10. Input coils 22a,b send
power to full wave bridge first recovery rectifier 24a which
then sends power through switch recovery 27 back into the
system, and/or to input battery 10. Output coils 23a and 23b
send power through single diode second recovery rectifier 24b
to recovery battery 25. In this particular embodiment, the
value and type number of the components are as follows: Hall
Effect magnetic pickup switch 13 is a No. 3020; transistor 30a
is a No. 2N-2955; transistor 30b is a No. MPS-8599; and
transistor 30c is a No. 2N-3055; resistors 31a and b are 470
ohms resistors; resistor 31b is a 2.2 K ohms resistor;
resistor 31c is a 220 ohms resistor; resistor 31d is a 1 K
ohms resistor; and recovery rectifier 24a is a 10 Amp, 400
volts bridge rectifier.

FIG. 3 is a box diagram showing the
flow of voltage from input battery A, through recovery circuit
B, switching circuit C and motor coils D. Motor coils D send
available back EMF energy through recovery circuit B, and from
B to recovery battery E and input battery A. Available back
EMF energy can also flow from switching circuit C to recovery
circuit B.

In multiple stator/rotor systems,
each individual stator may be energized one at a time or all
of the stators may be energized simultaneously. Any number of
stators and rotors may be incorporated into the design of such
multiple stator/rotor motor generator combinations. However,
while there may be several stators per rotor, there can only
be one rotor for a single stator. The number of stators and
rotors that would comprise a particular motor generator is
dependent upon the amount of power required in the form of
watts. The desired size and horse power of the motor
determines whether the stators will be in parallel or fired
sequentially by the magnetic Hall Effect pickup switch or
switches. The number of magnets incorporated into a particular
rotor is dependent upon the size of the rotor and power
required of the motor generator. In a multiple stator/rotor
motor generator, the timing wheel may have one or more
magnets, but must have one magnet Hall Effect pickup switch
for each stator if the stators are not arranged in parallel.
The back EMF energy is made available through the reversing of
the polarity of the magnetized pole pieces thus collapsing the
field around the coils and reversing the flow of energy to the
recovery diodes, which is capturing the back EMF.

Individual motors may be connected
in sequence with each motor having various combinations of
stators and rotors or in parallel. Each rotor may have any
number of rotor magnets ranging from a minimum of 2 to maximum
of 60. The number of stators for an individual motor may range
from 1 to 60 with the number of conducting bars ranging from 2
to 120.

What distinguishes this motor
generator from all others in the art is the presence of a
permanent magnet connecting the two conducting bars which
transfer magnetic energy through the pole pieces to the rotor,
thereby attracting the rotor between the pole pieces. With the
rotor attracted in between the two pole pieces, the coils
switch the polarity of the magnetic field of the pole pieces
so that the rotor is repelled out. Therefore there is no
current and voltage being used to attract the rotor. The only
current being used is the repulsion of the rotor between the
two conductive bar pole pieces thereby requiring only a small
amount of current to repel the rotor. This is known as a
regauging system and allows the capturing of available back
EMF energy for use.

Finally, although the invention has
been described with reference of particular means, materials
and embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is
not limited to the particulars disclosed and extends to all
equivalents within the scope of the claims.

---

U**S Patent # 6,545,444**

**( April 8, 2003 ~ US Cl. 318/798 )**

**Device and Method for Utilizing a
Monopole Motor to Create Back-EMF to Charge Batteries**

**John C. Bedini**   
Bedini Technology, Inc. (Couer d'Alene, ID)

**Abstract ~**   
A back EMF monopole motor and method using a rotor containing
magnets all of the same polarity and in a monopole condition
when in momentary apposition with a magnetized pole piece of a
stator having the same polarity, said stator comprised of a
coil with three windings: a power-coil winding, a trigger-coil
winding, and a recovery-coil winding. The back EMF energy is
rectified using a high voltage bridge, which transfers the
back EMF energy to a high voltage capacitor for storage in a
recovery battery. The stored energy can then be discharged
across the recovery battery through the means of a contact
rotor switch for further storage.

**Current U.S. Class: 318/798**;
318/138; 318/139; 318/146; 318/364; 318/434; 318/459; 318/801;
318/802; 318/806   
**Intern'l Class:** H02P 005/28   
**Field of Search:** 318/798,434,138,801,802,364,134,146,806,459
388/928.1

**References Cited ~**   
**U.S. Patent Documents:**   
2279690 ~ Apr., 1942 ~ Lindsey   
4055789~ Oct., 1977 ~ Lasater   
4893067 ~ Jan., 1990 ~ Bhagwat et al. ~ 318/599   
5377094 ~ Dec., 1994 ~ Williams et al. ~ 318/434   
6037728 ~ Mar., 2000 ~ Petkovic ~ 318/139   
6116368 ~ Sep., 2000 ~ Lyons et al. ~ 180/165

---

***Description***

**TECHNICAL FIELD**

The invention relates generally to
the capturing of available electromagnetic energy using a
device and method for creating an electromagnetic force
(hereinafter, EMF) and then using the available stored energy
for recycling into the system as stored energy. The method of
creating back EMF is the result of coupling/uncoupling a
voltage source to and from a coil.

**BACKGROUND**

Operation of present day normal
magnetic motors has the rotor pole attracting the stator pole,
resulting in the generation of mechanical power from the
magnets to the rotor and flywheel. During this phase, energy
flows from the magnetics to the rotor/flywheel and is stored
as kinetic energy in the increased rotation. A rotor pole
leaving a stator pole and creating a condition of "drag"
results in power having to be put back into the magnetic
section by the rotor and flywheel to forcibly overcome the
drag. In a perfect, friction-free motor, the net force field
is therefore referred to as "most conservative". A most
conservative EMF motor has maximum efficiency. Without extra
energy continually fed to the motor, no net work can be done
by the magnetic field, since half the time the magnetic field
adds energy to the load (the rotor and flywheel) and the other
half of the time it subtracts energy back from the load (the
rotor and flywheel). Therefore, the total net energy output is
zero in any such rotary process without additional energy
input. To use a present day magnetic motor, continuous energy
must be input into the motor to overcome drag and to power the
motor and its load.

Motors and generators presently in
use, all use such conservative fields and therefore, have
internal losses. Hence, it is necessary to continually input
all of the energy that the motor outputs to the load, plus
more energy to cover losses inside the motor itself. EMF
motors are rated for efficiency and performance by how much
energy "input" into the motor actually results in "output"
energy to the load. Normally, the Coefficient of Performance
(hereinafter, COP) rating is used as a measure of efficiency.
The COP is the actual output energy going into the load and
powering it, divided by the energy that must be input into the
device with its motor/load combination. If there were zero
internal losses in a motor, that "perfect" motor would have a
COP equal to 1.0. That is, all energy input into the motor
would be output by the motor directly into the load, and none
of the input energy would be lost or dissipated in the motor
itself.

In magnetic motor generators
presently in use, however, due to friction and design flaws,
there are always internal losses and inefficiencies. Some of
the energy input into the motor is dissipated in these
internal losses. As a consequence, the energy that gets to the
load is always less than the input energy. So a standard motor
operates with a COP of less than 1.0, which is expressed as
COP<1.0. An inefficient motor may have a COP=0.4 or 0.45,
while a specially designed, highly efficient motor may have a
COP=0.85.

The conservative field inside of a
motor itself is divided into two phases. Producing a
conservative field involves net symmetry between the "power
out" phase from the magnetics to the rotor/flywheel and the
"power back in" phase from the rotor/flywheel back to the
magnetics. That is, the two flows of energy (one from the
magnetics into the rotor and flywheel, and one from the rotor
and flywheel back to the magnetics) are identical in magnitude
but opposite in direction. Each phase alone is said to be
"asymmetrical", that is, it either has: 1) a net energy flow
out to the rotor/flywheel; or 2) a net energy flow back into
the magnetics from the rotor/flywheel. In simplified terms, it
is referred to as "power out" and "power back in" phases with
respect to the motor magnetics.

For the power-out phase, energy is
derived from the EMF existing between the stator pole and
incoming rotor pole in an attraction mode. In this phase, the
rotary motion (angular momentum and kinetic energy) of the
rotor and flywheel is increased. In short, power is added to
the rotor/flywheel (and thus to the load) from the fields
between stator pole and rotor pole (the electromagnetic
aspects of the system).

For the "power back in" phase,
energy must be fed back into the magnetics from the rotor and
flywheel (and the load) to overcome the drag forces existing
between stator pole and outgoing rotor pole. In this phase,
energy is returned back to the internal magnetic system from
the rotary motion of the rotor and flywheel (the angular
momentum, which is the rotational energy.times.time). As is
well known in physics, a rotor/flywheel's angular momentum
provides a convenient way to store energy with the spinning
rotor/flywheel mass acting as an energy reservoir.

Most present day conventional
magnetic motors use various methods for overcoming and
partially reversing back EMF. Back EMF may be defined as the
return pulse from the coil out of phase and is the result of
regauging, which is the process of reversing the magnetics
polarity, that is, form North to South, etc. The back EMF is
shorted out and the rotor is attracted back in, therefore
eliminating drag. This can be accomplished by pouring in more
energy, which overpowers the back EMF, thereby producing a
forward EMF in that region. The energy required for this
method is furnished by the operator.

It is well known in the art that
changing the voltage alone creates a back EMF and requires no
work. This is because to change the potential energy does not
require changing the form of that potential energy, but only
its magnitude. Work is the changing of the form of energy.
Therefore, as long as the form of the potential energy is not
changed, the magnitude can be changed without having to
perform work in the process. The motor of the present
invention takes advantage of this permissible operation to
create back EMF asymmetrically, and thereby change its own
usable available potential energy.

In an electric power system, the
potential (voltage) is changed by inputting energy to do work
on the internal charges of the generator or battery. This
potential energy is expended within the generator (or battery)
to force the internal charges apart, forming a source dipole.
Then the external closed circuit system connected to that
source dipole ineptly pumps the spent electrons in the ground
line back through the back EMF of the source dipole, thereby
scattering the charges and killing the dipole. This shuts off
the energy flow from the source dipole to the external
circuit. As a consequence of this conventional method, it is a
requirement to input and replace additional energy to again
restore the dipole. The circuits currently utilized in most
electrical generators have been designed to keep on destroying
the energy flow by continually scattering all of the dipole
charges and terminating the dipole. Therefore, it is necessary
to keep on inputting energy to the generator to keep restoring
its source dipole.

A search of prior art failed to
reveal any monopole motor devices and methods that recycle
available energy from back EMF to charge a battery or provide
electrical energy for other uses as described in the present
invention. However, the following prior art patents were
reviewed:

U.S. Pat. No. 4,055,789 to Lasater,
Battery Operated Motor with Back EMF Charging.

U.S. Pat. No. 2,279,690 to Z. T.
Lindsey, Combination Motor Generator.

**SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION**

An aspect of the device and method
of the present invention is a new monopole electromagnetic
motor that captures back EMF energy. The captured back EMF
energy maybe used to charge or store electrical energy in a
recovery battery. The amount of energy recoverable, as
expressed in watts, is dependent upon the configuration,
circuitry, switching elements and the number and size of
stators, rotors, magnets and coils that comprise the motor.

The motor uses a small amount of
energy from a primary battery to "trigger" a larger input of
available energy by supplying back EMF, thus increasing the
potential energy of the system. The system then utilizes this
available potential energy to reduce or reverse the back EMF,
thereby increasing the efficiency of the motor and, therefore,
the COP.

If the energy in phase 1 (the
power-out phase) is increased by additional available energy
in the electromagnetics themselves, then the energy in phase 1
can be made greater than the energy in phase 2 (the
power-back-in phase) without the operator furnishing the
energy utilized. This produces a non-conservative net field.
Net power can then be taken from the rotating stator and
flywheel, because the available energy added into the stator
and flywheel by the additional effects is transformed by the
rotor/flywheel into excess angular momentum and stored as
such. Angular momentum is conserved at all times; but now some
of the angular momentum added to the flywheel is evoked by
additional effects in the electromagnetics rather than being
furnished by the operator.

That is, the motor deliberately
creates a back EMF itself and its potential energy once at a
time, thereby retaining each extra force for a period of time
and applying it to increase the angular momentum and kinetic
energy of the rotor and flywheel. Specifically, this back EMF
energy with its net force is deliberately applied in the motor
of the present invention to overcome and even reverse the
conventional drag-back (the back EMF). Hence less energy must
be taken from the rotor and flywheel to overcome the reduced
back EMF, and in the ideal case none is required since the
back EMF has been overpowered and converted to forward EMF by
the back EMF energy and force. In the motor, the conventional
drag section of the magnetics becomes a forward-EMF section
and now adds energy to the rotor/flywheel instead of
subtracting it. The important feature is that the operator
only pays for the small amount of energy necessary to trigger
the back EMF from the primary battery, and does not have to
furnish the much larger back EMF energy itself.

When the desired energy in phase 1
(the power out phase) is thus made greater than the undesired
drag energy in phase 2, then part of the output power normally
dragged from the rotor and flywheel by the fields in phase 2
is not required. Hence, additional power compared to the
system (without the special back EMF mechanisms) is available
from the rotor/flywheel. The rotor maintains additional
angular momentum and kinetic energy, compared to a system,
which does not produce back EMF itself. Consequently, the
excess angular momentum retained by the rotor and flywheel can
be utilized as additional shaft power to power an external
load connected to the shaft.

In the motor, several known
processes and methods are utilized which allow the motor to
operate periodically as an open dissipative system (receiving
available excess energy from back EMF) far from thermodynamic
equilibrium, whereby. it produces and receives its excess
energy from a known external source.

A method is utilized to temporarily
produce a much larger source of available external energy
around an energized coil. Design features of this new motor
provide a device and method that can immediately produce a
second increase in that energy concurrently as the energy flow
is reversed. Therefore, the motor is capable of producing two
asymmetrical back EMFs, one after the other, of the energy
within a single coil, which dramatically increases the energy
available and causes that available excess energy to then
enter the circuit impulsively, being collected and utilized.

The motor utilizes this available
excess back EMF energy to overcome and even reverse the drag
EMF between stator pole and rotor pole, while furnishing only
a small trigger pulse of energy from a primary battery
necessary to control and activate the direction of the back
EMF energy flow.

By using a number of such dual
asymmetrical self back EMFs for every revolution of the rotor,
the rotor and flywheel collectively focus all the excess
impulsive inputs into increased angular momentum (expressed as
energy.times.time), shaft torque, and shaft power.

Further, some of the excess energy
deliberately generated in the coil by the utilization of the
dual process manifests in the form of excess electrical energy
in the circuit and can be utilized to charge a recovery
battery(s). The excess energy can also be used to power
electrical loads or to power the rotor and flywheel, with the
rotor/flywheel also furnishing shaft horsepower for powering
mechanical loads.

The motor utilizes a means to
furnish the relatively small amount of energy from a primary
battery to initiate the impulsive asymmetrical self back EMF
actions. Then part of the available excess electrical power
drawn off from back EMF created energy is utilized to charge a
recovery battery with dramatically increased over-voltage
pulses.

Design features of this monopole
motor utilize one magnetic pole of each rotor and stator
magnet. The number of impulsive self-back EMF in a single
rotation of the rotor is doubled. Advanced designs can
increase the number of self-back EMFs in a single rotor
rotation with the result that there is an increase in the
number of impulses per rotation, which increase the power
output of this new motor.

The sharp voltage spike produced in
the coil of this monopole motor by the rapidly collapsing
field in the back EMF coil is connected to a recovery
battery(s) in charge mode and to an external electrical load.
The net result is that the coil asymmetrically creates back
EMF itself in a manner adding available energy and impulse to
the circuit. The available energy collected in the coil is
used to reverse the back-EMF phase of the stator-rotor fields
to a forward EMF condition, impulsively adding acceleration
and angular momentum to the rotor and flywheel. The available
back EMF energy collected in the coil is used to charge a
battery. Loads can then be drawn off the battery.

A device and method in which the
monopole motor alters the reaction cross section of the coils
in the circuit, which momentarily changes the reaction cross
section of the coil in which it is invoked. Thus, by this new
motor using only a small amount of current in the form of a
triggering pulse, it is able to evoke and control the
immediate change of the coil's reaction cross section to this
normally wasted energy-flow component. As a result, the motor
captures and directs some of this usually wasted available
environmental energy, collecting the available excess energy
in the coil and then releasing it for use in the motor. By
timing and switching, the innovative gate design in this new
motor directs the available excess energy so that it overcomes
and reverses the return EMF of the rotor-stator pole
combination during what would normally be the back EMF and
demonstrates the creation of the second back EMF of the
system. Now instead of an "equal retardation" force being
produced in the back EMF region, a forward EMF is produced
that is additive to the rotor/flywheel energy and not
subtractive. In short, it further accelerates the
rotor/flywheel.

This results in a non-conservative
magnetic field along the rotor's path. The line integral of
the field around that path (i.e., the net work on the
rotor/flywheel to increase its energy and angular momentum) is
not zero but a significant amount. Hence, the creation of an
asymmetrical back EMF impulse magnetic motor: 1) takes its
available excess energy from a known external source, the huge
usually non-intercepted portion of the energy flow around the
coil; 2) further increases the source dipolarity by this back
EMF energy; and 3) produces available excess energy flow
directly from the source dipole's increased broken symmetry in
its fierce energy exchange with the local vacuum.

By operating as an open dissipative
system not in thermodynamic equilibrium with the active
vacuum, the system can permissibly receive available energy
from a known environmental source and then output this energy
to a load. As an open dissipative system not in thermodynamic
equilibrium, this new and unique monopole motor can tap in on
back EMF to energize itself, loads and losses simultaneously,
fully complying with known laws of physics and thermodynamics.

**BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE
DRAWINGS**

**FIG. 1** is a perspective side
view of a monopole back EMF motor with a single stator and a
single rotor.

![](6545-1.gif)

**[FIG. 2](6545-2.gif)**
is a perspective top view of a monopole back EMF motor with a
single stator and a single rotor.

**[FIG. 3](6545-3.gif)**
is a block diagram demonstrating the circuitry for a monopole
back EMF motor.

**DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE
INVENTION**

An embodiment of the present
invention is a device and method for a monopole back EMF
electromagnetic motor. As described in the Summary of the
Invention, this monopole motor conforms to all applicable
electrodynamic laws of physics and is in harmony with the law
of the conservation of energy, the laws of electromagnetism
and other related natural laws of physics.

The monopole back EMF
electromagnetic motor comprises a combination of elements and
circuitry to capture available energy (back EMF) in a recovery
element, such as a capacitor, from output coils. The available
stored energy in the recovery element is used to charge a
recovery battery.

As a starting point and an
arbitrary method in describing this device, the flow of
electrical energy and mechanical forces will be tracked from
the energy's inception at the primary battery to its final
storage in the recovery battery.

FIG. 1 is a perspective side view
of the monopole motor according to an embodiment of the
invention. As shown in FIG. 1, electrical energy from primary
battery 11 periodically flows through power switch 12 and on
to and through power-coil wiring 13a. In one embodiment, power
switch 12 is merely an On-Off mechanical switch and is not
electronic. However, the switch 12 may be a solid-state
switching circuit, a magnetic Reed switch, a commutator, an
optical switch, a Hall switch, or any other conventional
transistorized or mechanical switch. Coil 13 is comprised of
three windings: power-coil winding 13a, trigger-coil winding
13b, and recovery-coil winding 13c. However, the number of
windings can be more or fewer than three, depending upon the
size of the coil 13, size of the motor and the amount of
available energy to be captured, stored and used, as measured
in watts. Electrical energy then periodically flows from
power-coil winding 13a and through transistor 14. Trigger
energy also periodically flows through variable potentiometer
15 and resistor 16. Clamping diode 17 clamps the reverse
base-emitter voltage of transistor switch 14 at a safe
reverse-bias level that does not damage the transistor 14.
Energy flows to stator 18a and pole piece 18b, an extension of
stator 18a. Pole piece 18b is electrically magnetized only
when transistor switch 14 is on and maintains the same
polarity as the rotor poles 19--here North pole--when
electrically magnetized. The North rotor poles 19a, 19b and
19c, which are attached to rotor 20, come in momentary
apposition with pole piece 18b creating a momentary monopole
interface. The poles 19a,b,c, which are actually permanent
magnets with their North poles facing outward from the rotor
20, maintain the same polarity when in momentary apposition
with pole piece 18b. Rotor 20 is attached to rotor shaft 21,
which has drive pulley 22. Attached to rotor shaft 21 are
rotor-shaft bearing blocks 31a and 31b, as seen in FIG. 2. As
rotor 20 begins to rotate, the poles 19a,b,c respectively
comes in apposition with magnetized pole piece 18b in a
momentary monopole interface with energy flowing through diode
bridge rectifier 23 and capacitor 24. The number of capacitors
may be of a wide range, depending upon the amount of energy to
be temporarily stored before being expelled or flash charged
into recovery battery 29. Timing belt 25 connects drive pulley
22 on timing shaft 21 to timing wheel 26. Attached to timing
wheel 26 is contact rotor 27, a copper insulated switch that
upon rotation, comes in contact with brushes on mechanical
switch 28. The means for counting the number of rotor
revolutions may be a timing gear or a timing belt. Finally,
the available energy derived from the back EMF that is stored
in capacitor 24 is then discharged and stored in recovery
battery 29.

FIG. 2 is a mechanical perspective
top view of the monopole motor of the instant invention
without electrical circuitry. Stator 18a consists of coil 13,
which is comprised of three separate coil windings: power-coil
winding 13a, trigger-coil winding 13b and recovery-coil
winding 13c. Pole piece 18b is at the end of stator 18a. As
rotor 20, which is attached to rotor shaft 21, rotates, each
pole 19 respectively comes in a momentary monopole interface
with pole piece 18b. The polarity of pole piece 18b is
constant when electrically magnetized. Rotor shaft 21 has
rotor shaft bearing blocks 31a,b attached to it for
stabilization of rotor shaft 21. Attached to rotor shaft 21 is
drive pulley 22 with timing belt 25 engaged onto it. Another
means for timing may be a timing gear. Timing belt 25 engages
timing wheel 26 at its other end. Timing wheel 26 is attached
to timing shaft 30. Shaft 30 is stabilized with timing shaft
bearing blocks 32a,b. At one end of timing shaft 30 is contact
rotor 27 with brush 28a, which, upon rotation of timing shaft
26, comes into momentary contact with brushes 28b,c.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram detailing
the circuitry of the monopole motor. Block 40 represents
primary battery 11 with energy flowing to coil block 41, which
represents coil windings 13a,b,c. From coil block 41 energy
flows into three directions: to trigger-circuit block 42,
transistor-circuit block 43, and rectifier-circuit block 44.
Energy flows from rectifier-block 44 to storage-capacitor
block 45 with energy flowing from block 45 to both
recovery-battery block 46 and rotor-switch block 47.

Referring to FIG. 1, the operation
of the motor is described according to an embodiment of the
invention. For purpose of explanation, assume that the rotor
20 is initially not moving, and one of the poles 19 is in the
three o'clock position.

First, one closes the switch 12.
But because the transistor 14 is off, no current flows through
the winding 13a.

Next, one starts the motor by
rotating the rotor 20, for example in a clockwise rotation.
One may rotate the rotor by hand, or with a conventional
motor-starting device or circuit (not shown).

As the rotor 20 rotates, the pole
19 rotates from the three o'clock position toward the pole
piece 18b and generates a magnetic flux in the windings
13a-13c. More specifically, the stator 18a and the pole piece
18b include a ferromagnetic material such as iron. Therefore,
as the pole 19 rotates nearer to the pole piece 18b, it
magnetizes the pole piece 18b to a polarity--here South--that
is opposite to the polarity of the pole 19--here North. This
magnetization of the pole piece 18b generates a magnetic flux
in the windings 13a-13c. Furthermore, this magnetization also
causes a magnetic attraction between the pole 19 and the pole
piece 18b. This attraction pulls the pole 19 toward the pole
piece 18b, and thus reinforces the rotation of the rotor 20.

The magnetic flux in the windings
13a-13c generates respective voltages across the windings.
More specifically, as the pole 19 rotates toward the pole
piece 18b, the magnetization of the stator 18a and the pole
piece 18b, and thus the flux in the windings 13a-13c,
increase. This increasing flux generates respective voltages
across the windings 13a-13c such that the dotted (top) end of
each winding is more positive than the opposite end. These
voltages are proportional to the rate at which the flux is
increasing, and thus are proportional to the velocity of the
pole 19.

At some point, the voltage across
the winding 13b becomes high enough to turn on the transistor
14c. This turn-on, i.e., trigger, voltage depends on the
combined serial resistance of the potentiometer 15 and the
resistor 16. The higher this combined resistance, the higher
the trigger voltage, and vice-versa. Therefore, one can set
the level of the trigger voltage by adjusting the
potentiometer 15.

In addition, depending on the level
of voltage across the capacitor 24, the voltage across the
winding 13c may be high enough to cause an energy recovery
current to flow through the winding 13c, the rectifier 23, and
the capacitor 24. Thus, when the recovery current flows, the
winding 13c is converting magnetic energy from the rotating
pole 19 into electrical energy, which is stored in the
capacitor 24.

Once turned on, the transistor 14
generates an opposing magnetic flux in the windings 13a-13c.
More specifically, the transistor 14 draws a current from the
battery 11, through the switch 12 and the winding 13b. This
current increases and generates an increasing magnetic flux
that opposes the flux generated by the rotating pole 19.

When the opposing magnetic flux
exceeds the flux generated by the rotating pole 19, the
opposing flux reinforces the rotation of the rotor 20.
Specifically, when the opposing flux --- which is generated by
the increasing current through the winding 13a--exceeds the
flux generated by the pole 19, the magnetization of the pole
piece 18 inverts to North pole. Therefore, the
reverse-magnetic pole piece 18 repels the pole 19, and thus
imparts a rotating force to the rotor 20. The pole piece 18
rotates the rotor 20 with maximum efficiency if the pole-piece
magnetization inverts to North when the center of the pole 19
is aligned with the center of the pole piece. One typically
adjusts the potentiometer 15 to set the trigger voltage of the
transistor 14 at a level that attains or approximates this
maximum efficiency.

The transistor 14 then turns off
before the opposing flux can work against the rotation of the
rotor 20. Specifically, if the pole piece 18 remains
magnetized to North pole, it will repel the next pole 19 in a
direction--counterclockwise in this example--opposite to the
rotational direction of the rotor 20. Therefore, the motor
turns the transistor 14, and thus demagnetizes the pole piece
18, before this undesirable repulsion occurs. More
specifically, when the opposing flux exceeds the flux
generated by the pole 19, the voltage across the winding 13b
reverses polarity such that the dotted end is less positive
than the opposite end. The voltage across the winding 13b
decreases as the opposing flux increases. At some point, the
voltage at the base of the transistor decreases to a level
that turns off the transistor 14. This turn-off point depends
on the combined resistance of the potentiometer 15 and
resistor 16 and the capacitance (not shown) at the transistor
base. Therefore, one can adjust the potentiometer 15 or use
other conventional techniques to adjust the timing of this
turn-off point.

The rectifier 23 and capacitor 24
recapture the energy that is released by the magnetic field
--- and that would otherwise be lost--when the transistor 14
turns off. Specifically, turning off the transistor 14
abruptly cuts off the current that flows through the winding
13a. This generates voltage spikes across the windings 13a-13c
where the dotted ends are less positive than the respective
opposite ends. These voltage spikes represent the energy
released as the current-induced magnetization of the stator
18a and the pole piece 18b collapses, and may have a magnitude
of several hundred volts. But as the voltage spike across the
winding 13c increases above the sum of the two diode drops of
the rectifier 23, it causes an energy-recovery current to flow
through the rectifier 23 and the voltage across the capacitor
24 charge the capacitor 24. Thus, a significant portion of the
energy released upon collapse of the current-induced magnetic
field is recaptured and stored as a voltage in the capacitor
24. In addition, the diode 17 prevents damage to the
transistor 14 by clamping the reverse base-emitter voltage
caused by the voltage spike across the winding 13b.

The recaptured energy can be used
in a number of ways. For example, the energy can be used to
charge a battery 29. In one embodiment, the timing wheel 26
makes two revolutions for each revolution of the rotor 20. The
contact rotor 27 closes a switch 28, and thus dumps the charge
on the capacitor 24 into the battery 29, once each revolution
of the wheel 26. Other energy-recapture devices and techniques
can be used as well.

One can stop the rotor 20 by
braking it or by opening the switch 12.

Other embodiments of the monopole
motor are contemplated. For example, instead of remaining
closed for the entire operation of the motor, the switch 12
may be a conventional optical switch or a Hall switch that
opens and closes automatically at the appropriate times. To
increase the power of the motor, one can increase the number
of stators 18a and pole pieces 18b, the number of poles 19, or
both. Furthermore, one can magnetize the stator 18a and pole
piece 18b during the attraction of the pole 19 instead of or
in addition to magnetizing the stator and pole piece during
the repulsion of the pole 19. Moreover, the stator 18a may be
omitted such that the coil 13 has an air coil, or the stator
18a and the pole piece 18b may compose a permanent magnet. In
addition, although the transistor 14 is described as being a
bipolar transistor, it may be a MOS transistor. Furthermore,
the recaptured energy may be used to recharge the battery 11.
In addition, although described as rotating in a clockwise
direction, the rotor 20 can rotate in a counterclockwise
direction. Moreover, although described as attracting a rotor
pole 19 when no current flows through winding 13a and
repelling the pole 19 when a current flows through winding
13a, the pole piece 18b may be constructed so that it attracts
the pole 19 when a current flows through winding 13a and
repels the pole 19 when no current flows through winding 13a.

In multiple stator/rotor systems,
each individual stator may be energized one at a time or all
of the stators may be energized simultaneously. Any number of
stators and rotors may be incorporated into the design of such
multiple stator/rotor monopole motor combinations. However,
while there may be several stators per rotor, there can only
be one rotor for a single stator. The number of stators and
rotors that would comprise a particular motor is dependent
upon the amount of power required in the form of watts. Any
number of magnets, used in a monopole fashion, may comprise a
single rotor. The number of magnets incorporated into a
particular rotor is dependent upon the size of the rotor and
power required of the motor. The desired size and horse power
of the motor determines whether the stators will be in
parallel or fired sequentially. Energy is made accessible
through the capturing of available energy from the back EMF as
a result of the unique circuitry and timing of the monopole
motor. Individual motors may be connected in sequence with
each motor having various combinations of stators and rotors
or in parallel. Each rotor may have any number of rotor
magnets, all arranged without change of polarity. The number
of stators for an individual motor may also be of a wide
range.

One feature that distinguishes this
motor from all others in the art is the use of monopole
magnets in momentary apposition with the pole piece of the
stator maintaining the same polarity when magnetized. In this
particular embodiment, there are three magnets and one pole
piece, said pole piece an extension of a permanent-magnet
stator. Finally, although the invention has been described
with reference of particular means, materials and embodiments,
it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to
the particulars disclosed and extends to all equivalents
within the scope of the claims.

---

**US Patent Application #
20020097013**

**( July 25, 2002 )**   
  
**Permanent Electromagnetic Motor Generator**

**John C.Bedini**

**Abstract ---** This invention is a back EMF permanent
electromagnetic motor generator and method using a regauging
process for capturing available electromagnetic energy in
the system. The device is comprised of a rotor with magnets
of the same polarity; a timing wheel in apposition to a
magnetic Hall Effect pickup switch semiconductor; and a
stator comprised of two bars connected by a permanent magnet
with magnetized pole pieces at one end of each bar. There
are input and output coils created by wrapping each bar with
a conducting material such as copper wire. Energy from the
output coils is transferred to a recovery rectifier or
diode. The magnets of the rotor, which is located on a shaft
along with the timing wheel, are in apposition to the
magnetized pole pieces of the two bars. The invention works
through a process of regauging, that is, the flux fields
created by the coils is collapsed because of a reversal of
the magnetic field in the magnetized pole pieces thus
allowing the capture of available back EMF energy.
Additional available energy may be captured and used to
re-energize the battery, and/or sent in another direction to
be used as work. As an alternative, the available back EMF
energy may be dissipated into the system.

**U.S. Current Class: 318/139**   
**Intern'l Class:** H02P 001/00

***Description***

**BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION**

[0001] **1. Field of the Invention**

[0002] The invention relates generally to the capturing of
electromagnetic energy using a method and device to create
back EMF (electromagnetic force) and re-phasing of the back
EMF to recycle and capture the available back EMF energy.
Back EMF is also referred to as regauging and may be defined
as energy created by the magnetic field from coils, and only
by coils, and not by magnets.

[0003] **2. Background Information and Related Art**

[0004] Operation of a normal magnetic motor has the rotor
pole attracting the stator pole, resulting in the generation
of power from the magnets to the rotor and flywheel. During
this phase, energy flows from the magnetics to the
rotor/flywheel and is stored in the increased rotation. A
rotor pole leaving a stator pole and creating a condition of
drag-back results in power having to be put back into the
magnetic section by the rotor and flywheel to forcibly
overcome the drag-back. In a perfect, friction-free motor,
the net force field is therefore referred to as most
conservative. In other words, a most conservative EMF motor
has maximum efficiency. Without extra energy continually fed
to the motor, no net work can be done by the magnetic field,
since half the time the magnetic field adds energy to the
load (the rotor and flywheel) and the other half of the time
it subtracts energy back from the load (the rotor and
flywheel). Therefore the total net energy output is zero in
any such rotary process without additional energy input. To
use a present day magnetic motor, continuous energy must be
input into the motor to overcome drag-back and to power the
motor and its load.

[0005] Present EMF motors and generators all use such
conservative fields and therefore, have internal losses.
Hence, it is necessary to continually input all of the
energy that the motor outputs to the load, plus more energy
to cover losses inside the motor itself. EMF motors are
rated for efficiency and performance by how much energy
input into the motor actually results in output energy to
the load. Normally, the Coefficient of Performance (COP)
rating is used as a measure of efficiency. The COP is the
actual output energy going into the load and powering it,
divided by the energy that must be input into the device
with its load. COP is the power out into the load, divided
by the power input into the motor/load combination. If there
were zero internal losses in a motor, that "perfect" motor
would have a coefficient of performance (COP) equal to 1.0.
That is, all energy input into the motor would be output by
the motor directly into the load, and none of the input
energy would be lost or dissipated in the motor itself.

[0006] In magnetic motor generators presently in use,
however, due to friction and design flaws, there are always
internal losses and inefficiencies. Some of the energy input
into the motor is dissipated in these internal losses. As a
consequence, the energy that gets to the load is always less
than the input energy. So a standard motor operates with a
COP of less than 1.0 which is expressed as COP<1.0. An
inefficient motor may have a COP=0.4 or 0.45, while a
specially designed, highly efficient motor may have a
COP=0.85.

[0007] The conservative field inside of a motor itself can
be divided into two phases. Producing a conservative field
involves net symmetry between the "power out" phase from the
magnetics to the rotor/flywheel and the "power back in"
phase from the rotor/flywheel back to the magnetics. That
is, the two flows of energy (one from the magnetics into the
rotor and flywheel, and one from the rotor and flywheel back
to the magnetics) are identical in magnitude but opposite in
direction. Each phase alone is said to be "asymmetrical";
that is, it either has: 1) a net energy flow out to the
rotor/flywheel; or 2) a net energy flow back into the
magnetics from the rotor/flywheel. In simplified terms, it
is referred to as "power out" and "power back in" phases
with respect to the motor magnetics. Hence, the two
asymmetrical phases are: 1) the power-out phase; and 2) the
"power back in" phase, with reference to the magnetics.

[0008] For the power-out phase, energy is derived from the
EMF existing between the stator pole and incoming rotor pole
in an attraction mode. In this phase, the rotary motion
(angular momentum and kinetic energy) of the rotor and
flywheel is increased. In short, power is added to the
rotor/flywheel (and thus to the load) from the fields
between stator pole and rotor pole (the electromagnetic
aspects of the system).

[0009] For the "power back in" phase, energy must be fed
back into the magnetics from the rotor and flywheel (and the
load) to overcome the drag-back forces existing between
stator pole and outgoing rotor pole. In this phase, energy
is returned back to the internal magnetic system from the
rotary motion of the rotor and flywheel (the angular
momentum, which is the rotational energy.times.time). As is
well known in physics, a rotor/flywheel's angular momentum
provides a convenient way to store energy with the spinning
rotor/flywheel mass acting as an energy reservoir.

[0010] All present day conventional magnetic motors use
various methods for overcoming and partially reversing back
EMF. Back EMF is the return pulse from the coil out of phase
and is also referred to as regauging. The back EMF is
shorted out and the rotor is attracted back in, therefore
eliminating back drag. This can be accomplished by pouring
in more energy, which overpowers the back EMF, thereby
producing a forward EMF in that region. The energy required
for this method must be furnished by the operator.

[0011] The motor of the present invention uses only a small
amount of energy to "trigger" a much larger input of
available energy by supplying back EMF, thus increasing the
potential energy of the system. It then utilizes this excess
potential energy to reduce or reverse back EMF, thereby
increasing the efficiency of the motor and, therefore, the
COP.

[0012] If the energy in phase 1 (the power-out phase) is
increased by additional available energy in the
electromagnetics themselves, then the energy in phase 1 can
be made greater than the energy in phase 2 (the
power-back-in phase) without the operator furnishing the
energy utilized. This produces a non-conservative net field.
Net power can then be taken from the rotating stator and
flywheel, because the available energy added into the stator
and flywheel by the additional effects, is transformed by
the rotor/flywheel into excess angular momentum and stored
as such. Angular momentum is conserved at all times; but now
some of the angular momentum added to the flywheel is evoked
by additional effects in the electromagnetics rather than
being furnished by the operator.

[0013] Electrodynamicists assume that the potential
available energy of any system can be changed at will and
without cost. This is back EMF and is well-known in physics.
It is also routinely employed by electrodynamicists in the
theoretical aspects. But to simplify the mathematics,
electrodynamicists will create a back EMF twice
simultaneously, each back EMF carefully selected just so
that the two available forces that are produced are equal
and opposite and cancel each other "symetrically". This is
referred to as "symmetrical back EMF" . A symmetrical back
EMF system cannot produce a COP>1.0.

[0014] On the other hand, the motor of the present
invention deliberately creates a back EMF itself and its
potential energy only once at a time, thereby retaining each
extra force for a period of time and applying it to increase
the angular momentum and kinetic energy of the rotor and
flywheel. Specifically, this back EMF energy with its net
force is deliberately applied in the motor of the present
invention to overcome and even reverse the conventional
drag-back (the back EMF). Hence less energy must be taken
from the rotor and flywheel to overcome the reduced back
EMF, and in the ideal case none is required since the back
EMF has been overpowered and converted to forward EMF by the
back EMF energy and force. In the motor of the present
invention, the conventional back-drag section of the
magnetics becomes a forward-EMF section and now adds energy
to the rotor/flywheel instead of subtracting it. The
important feature is that the operator only pays for the
small amount of energy necessary to trigger the back EMF,
and does not have to furnish the much larger back EMF energy
itself.

[0015] When the desired energy in phase 1 (the power out
phase) is thus made greater than the undesired "drag-back"
energy in phase 2, then part of the output power normally
dragged back from the rotor and flywheel by the fields in
phase 2 is not required. Hence, additional power compared to
the system (without the special back EMF mechanisms) is
available from the rotor/flywheel. The rotor maintains
additional angular momentum and kinetic energy, compared to
a system which does not produce back EMF itself.
Consequently, the excess angular momentum retained by the
rotor and flywheel can be utilized as additional shaft power
to power an external load connected to the shaft.

[0016] A standard magnetic motor operates as the result of
the motor being furnished with external energy input into
the system by the operator to reduce phase 2 (power back
into the magnetics from the rotor/flywheel) by any of
several methods and mechanisms. The primary purpose of this
external energy input into the system is to overcome the
back EMF and also provide for the inevitable energy losses
in the system. There is no input of energy separate from the
operator input. Therefore, the COP of any standard magnetic
motor is COP less than 1.0. The efficiency of a standard
magnetic motor varies from less than 50% to a maximum of
about 85% , and so has a COP<1.0. When nothing is done in
the motor that will produce a reduction of the back EMF
without the operator inputing all the energy for it, then
for even a frictionless, ideal permanent magnet motor, the
COP can never exceed 1.0.

[0017] Until the introduction of the motor of the present
invention, it has been standard universal practice that the
operator must furnish all energy used to reduce the back
EMF, provide for the internal losses, and power the load. It
is therefore a common belief by the scientific community
that an ideal (loss-less) permanent magnet motor cannot
exceed COP=1.0. And that is true, so long as the operator
himself must furnish all the energy. Further, since real
permanent magnetic motors have real internal losses, some of
the input energy is always lost in the motor itself, and
that lost energy is not available for powering the
rotor/flywheel and load. Hence a real permanent magnetic
motor of the conventional kind will always have a
COP<1.0.

[0018] The common assumption that the COP of a motor is
limited to less than 1.0 is not necessarily true, and that
COP>1.0 is permitted without violating the laws of
nature, laws of physics, or laws of thermodynamics. However,
it can immediately be seen that any permanent magnet motor
exhibiting a COP>1.0 must have some available energy
input returning in the form of back EMF.

[0019] A problem relates to how back EMF energy can be
obtained from a circuit's external environment for the
specific task of reducing the back-drag EMF without the
operator having to supply any input of that excess energy.
In short, the ultimate challenge is to find a way to cause
the system to: 1) become an open dissipative system, that
is, a system receiving available excess energy from its
environment, in other words, from an external source; and 2)
use that available excess energy to reduce the drag-back EMF
between stator and rotor poles as the rotor pole is leaving
the stator pole. If this objective can be accomplished, the
system will be removed from thermodynamic equilibrium.
Instead, it will be converted to a system
out-of-thermodynamic equilibrium. Such a system is not
required to obey classical equilibrium thermodynamics.

[0020] Instead, an out-of-equilibrium thermodynamic system
must obey the thermodynamics of open systems far from the
established and well-known parameters of thermodynamic
equilibrium. As is well known in the physics of
thermodynamics, such open systems can permissibly: 1)
self-order; 2) self-oscillate; 3) output more back EMF
energy than energy input by the operator (the available
excess back EMF energy is received from an external source
and some energy is input by the operator as well); 4) power
itself as well as its loads and losses simultaneously (in
that case, all the energy is received from the available
external source and there is no input energy from the
operator); and 5) exhibit negentropy, that is, produce an
increase of energy that is available in the system, and that
is independent of the energy put into the system by the
operator. As a definition, entropy roughly corresponds to
the energy of a system that has become unavailable for use.
Negentropy corresponds to additional energy of a system that
has become available for use.

[0021] In the back EMF permanent magnet electromagnetic
motor generator of the present invention, several known
processes and methods are utilized which allow the invention
to operate periodically as an open dissipative system
(receiving available excess energy from back EMF) far from
thermodynamic equilibrium, whereby it produces and receives
its excess energy from a known external source.

[0022] A method is utilized to temporarily produce a much
larger source of available external energy around an
energized coil. Then the unique design features of this new
motor provides a method and mechanism that can immediately
produce a second increase in that energy, concurrently as
the energy flow is reversed. Therefore, the motor is capable
of producing two asymmetrical back EMFs, one after the
other, of the energy within a single coil, which
dramatically increases the energy available and causes that
available excess energy to then enter the circuit
impulsively, being collected and utilized.

[0023] The present motor utilizes this available excess
back EMF energy to overcome and even reverse the back-drag
EMF between stator pole and rotor pole, while furnishing
only a small trigger pulse of energy necessary to control
and activate the direction of the back EMF energy flow.

[0024] By using a number of such dual asymmetrical self
back EMFs for every revolution of the rotor, the rotor and
flywheel collectively focus all the excess impulsive inputs
into increased angular momentum (expressed as
energy.times.time), shaft torque, and shaft power.

[0025] Further, some of the excess energy deliberately
generated in the coil by the utilization of the dual process
manifests in the form of excess electrical energy in the
circuit and is utilized to power electrical loads, e.g., a
lamp, fan, motor, or other electrical devices. The remainder
of the excess energy generated in the coil can be used to
power the rotor and flywheel, with the rotor/flywheel also
furnishing shaft horsepower for powering mechanical loads.

[0026] This new and unique motor utilizes a means to
furnish the relatively small amount of energy to initiate
the impulsive asymmetrical self back EMF actions. Then part
of the available excess electrical power drawn off from the
back EMFs is utilized to recharge the battery with
dramatically increased over voltage pulses.

[0027] The unique design features of this motor utilize
both north and south magnetic poles of each rotor and stator
magnet. Therefore, the number of impulsive self back EMFs in
a single rotation of the rotor is doubled. Advanced designs
increase the number of self back EMFs in a single rotor
rotation with the result that there is an increase in the
number of impulses per rotation which increase the power
output of this new motor.

[0028] The sharp voltage pulse produced in the coil of this
new motor by the rapidly collapsing field in the back EMF
coil is connected to a battery in charge mode and to an
external electrical load. The net result is that the coil
asymmetrically creates back EMF itself in a manner adding
available energy and impulse to the circuit. The excess
available energy collected in the coil is used to reverse
the back-EMF phase of the stator-rotor fields to a forward
EMF condition, impulsively adding acceleration and angular
momentum to the rotor and flywheel. At the same time, a part
of the excess energy collected in the coil is used to power
electrical loads such as charging a battery and operating a
lamp or such other device.

[0029] It is well known in the art that changing the
voltage alone creates a back EMF and requires no work. This
is because to change the potential energy does not require
changing the form of that potential energy, but only its
magnitude. Work is rigorously the changing of the form of
energy. Therefore, as long as the form of the potential
energy is not changed, the magnitude can be changed without
having to perform work in the process. The motor of the
present invention takes advantage of this permissible
operation to create back EMF asymmetrically, and thereby
change its own usable available potential energy.

[0030] In an electric power system, the potential (voltage)
is changed by inputing energy to do work on the internal
charges of the generator or battery. This potential energy
is expended within the generator (or battery) to force the
internal charges apart, forming a source dipole. Then the
external closed circuit system connected to that source
dipole ineptly pumps the spent electrons in the ground line
back through the back EMF of the source dipole, thereby
scattering the charges and killing the dipole. This shuts
off the energy flow from the source dipole to the external
circuit. As a consequence of that conventional method, it is
a requirement to input and replace additional energy to
again restore the dipole. The circuits currently utilized in
most electrical generators have been designed to keep on
destroying the energy flow by continually scattering all of
the dipole charges and terminating the dipole. Therefore, it
is necessary to keep on inputing energy to the generator to
keep restoring its source dipole.

[0031] An investigation of particle physics is required to
see what furnishes the energy to the external circuit. Since
neither a battery nor a generator furnishes energy to the
external circuit, but only furnishes energy to form the
source dipole, a better understanding of the electric power
principle is required to fully understand how this new motor
functions. A typical battery uses its stored chemical energy
to form the source dipole. A generator utilizes its input
shaft energy to rotate, forming an internal magnetic field
in which the positive charges are forced to move in one
direction and the negative charges in the reverse direction,
thereby forming the source dipole. In other words, the
energy input into the generator does nothing except form the
source dipole. None of the input energy goes to the external
circuit. If increased current is drawn into the external
load, there also is increased spent electron flow being
rammed back through the source dipole, destroying it faster.
Therefore, dipole-restoring-energy has to be inputed faster.
The chemical energy of the battery also is expended only to
separate its internal charges and form its source dipole.
Again, if increased current and power is drawn into the
external load, there is increased spent electron flow being
rammed back through the source dipole, destroying it faster.
This results in a depletion of the battery's stored energy
faster, by forcing it to have to keep restoring the dipole
faster.

[0032] Once the generator or battery source dipole is
formed (the dipole is attached also to the external
circuit), it is well known in particle physics that the
dipole (as is any charge) is a broken symmetry in the vacuum
energy flux. By definition, this means that the source
dipole extracts and orders part of that energy received from
its vacuum interaction, and pours that energy out as the
energy flowing through all space surrounding the external
conductors in the attached circuit. Most of this enormous
energy flow surging through space surrounding the external
circuit does not strike the circuit at all, and does not get
intercepted or utilized. Neither is it diverged into the
circuit to power the electrons, but passes on out into space
and is just "wasted". Only a small "sheath" of the energy
flow along the surface of the conductors strikes the surface
charges in those conductors and is thereby diverged into the
circuit to power the electrons. Standard texts show the huge
available but wasted energy flow component, but only
calculate the small portion of the energy flow that strikes
the circuit, is caught by it, and is utilized to power it.

[0033] In a typical circuit, the huge available but
"wasted" component of the energy flow is about 10.sup.13
times as large as is the small component intercepted by the
surface charges and diverged into the circuit to power it.
Hence, around every circuit and circuit element such as a
coil, there exists a huge non-intercepted, non-diverged
energy flow that is far greater than the small energy flow
being diverted and used by the circuit or element.

[0034] Thus there exists an enormous untapped energy flow
immediately surrounding every EMF power circuit, from which
available excess energy can be intercepted and collected by
the circuit, if respective non-linear actions are initiated
that sharply affect and increase the reaction cross section
of the circuit (i.e., its ability to intercept this
available but usually wasted energy flow).

[0035] The method in which the motor of the present
invention alters the reaction cross section of the coils in
the circuit, is by a novel use, which momentarily changes
the reaction cross section of the coil in which it is
invoked. Thus, by this new motor using only a small amount
of current in the form of a triggering pulse, it is able to
evoke and control the immediate change of the coil's
reaction cross section to this normally wasted energy flow
component. As a result, the motor captures and directs some
of this usually wasted environmental energy, collecting the
available excess energy in the coil and then releasing it
for use in the motor. By timing and switching, the
innovative gate design in this new motor directs the
available excess energy so that it overcomes and reverses
the return EMF of the rotor-stator pole combination during
what would normally be the back EMF and demonstrates the
creation of the second back EMF of the system. Now instead
of an "equal retardation" force being produced in the back
EMF region, a forward EMF is produced that is additive to
the rotor/flywheel energy and not subtractive. In short, it
further accelerates the rotor/flywheel.

[0036] This results in a non-conservative magnetic field
along the rotor's path. The line integral of the field
around that path (i.e., the net work on the rotor/flywheel
to increase its energy and angular momentum) is not zero but
a significant amount. Hence, the creation of an asymmetrical
back EMF impulse magnetic motor: 1) takes its available
excess energy from a known external source, the huge usually
non-intercepted portion of the energy flow around the coil;
2) further increases the source dipolarity by this back EMF
energy; and 3) produces available excess energy flow
directly from the source dipole's increased broken symmetry
in its fierce energy exchange with the local vacuum.

[0037] No laws of physics or thermodynamics are violated in
the method and device of the present invention, and
conservation of energy rigorously applies at all times.
Nonetheless, by operating as an open dissipative system not
in thermodynamic equilibrium with the active vacuum, the
system can permissibly receive available excess energy from
a known environmental source and output more energy to a
load than must be input by the operator alone. As an open
system not in thermodynamic equilibrium, this new and unique
motor can tap in on back EMF to energize itself, loads and
losses simultaneously, fully complying with known laws of
physics and thermodynamics.

[0038] A search of prior art failed to reveal any devices
that recycle available energy from back EMF of a permanent
electromagnetic motor generator as described in the present
invention. However, the following prior art patents were
reviewed:

[0039] 1. U.S. Pat. No. 5,532,532 to DeVault, et al.,
Hermetically Sealed Super-conducting Magnet Motor.

[0040] 2. U.S. Pat. No. 5,508,575 to Elrod, Jr., Direct
Drive Servovalve Having Magnetically Loaded Bearing.

[0041] 3. U.S. Pat. No. 5,451,825 to Strohm, Voltage
Homopolar Machine.

[0042] 4. U.S. Pat. No. 5,371,426 to Nagate, et al., Rotor
For Brushless Motor.

[0043] 5. U.S. Pat. No. 5,369,325 to Nagate, et al., Rotor
For Brushless Electromotor And Method For Making Same.

[0044] 6. U.S. Pat. No. 5,356,534 to Zimmermann, deceased,
et al., Magnetic-Field Amplifier.

[0045] 7. U.S. Pat. No. 5,350,958 to Ohnishi,
Super-conducting Rotating Machine, A Super-conducting Coil,
And A Super-conducting Generator For Use In A Lighting
Equipment Using Solar Energy.

[0046] 8. U.S. Pat. No. 5,334,894 to Nakagawa, Rotary Pulse
Motor.

[0047] 9. U.S. Pat. No. 5,177,054 to Lloyd, et al., Flux
Trapped Superconductor Motor and Method.

[0048] 10. U.S. Pat. No. 5,130,595 to Arora, Multiple
Magnetic Paths Pulse Machine.

[0049] 11. U.S. Pat. No. 4,980,595 to Arora, Multiple
Magnetics Paths Machine.

[0050] 12. U.S. Pat. No. 4,971,112 to Kim, Brushless D.C.
Motor.

[0051] 13. U.S. Pat. No. 4,916,346 to Klimani, Composite
Rotor Lamination For Use In Reluctance Homopolar. And
Permanent Magnet Machines.

[0052] 14. U.S. Pat. No. 4,761,590 to Kaszman, Electric
Motor.

[0053] 15. U.S. Pat. No. 4,536,230 to Landa, et al.,
Anisotropic Permanent Magnets.

[0054] 16. U.S. Pat. No. Re. 31,950 to Binns, Alternating
Current Generators And Motors.

[0055] 17. U.S. Pat. No. 4,488,075 to DeCesare, Alternator
With Rotor Axial Flux Excitation.

[0056] 18. U.S. Pat. No. 4,433,260 to Weisbord et al.,
Hysteresis Synchronous Motor Utilizing Polarized Rotor.

[0057] 19. U.S. Pat. No. 4,429,263 to Muller, Low Magnetic
Leakage Flux Brushless Pulse Controlled D-C Motor.

[0058] 20. U.S. Pat. No. 4,423,343 to Field, II,
Synchronous Motor System.

[0059] 21. U.S. Pat. No. 4,417,167 to Ishii, et al., DC
Brushless Motor.

[0060] 22. U.S. Pat. No. 4,265,754 to Menold, Water
Treating Apparatus and Methods.

[0061] 23. U.S. Pat. No. 4,265,746 to Zimmermann, Sr., et
al. Water Treating Apparatus and Methods.

[0062] 24. U.S. Pat. No. 4,222,021 to Bunker, Jr., Magnetic
Apparatus Appearing To Possess a Single Pole.

[0063] 25. U.S. Pat. No. 2,974,981 to Vervest et al.,
Arrester For Iron Particles.

[0064] 26. U.S. Pat. No. 2,613,246 to Spodig, Magnetic
System.

[0065] 27. U.S. Pat. No. 2,560,260 to Sturtevant, et al.,
Temperature Compensated Magnetic Suspension.

**SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION ~**

[0066] The device and method of the present invention is a
new permanent electromagnetic motor generator that recycles
back EMF energy (regauging) thus allowing the motor to
produce an energy level of COP=0.98, more or less, depending
upon configuration, circuitry, switching elements and the
number and size of stators, rotors and coils that comprise
the motor. The rotor is fixed between two pole pieces of the
stator. The motor generator is initially energized from a
small starter battery means, analogous to a spark plug, that
sends a small amount of energy to the motor, thus
stimulating a rotating motion from the rotor. As the rotor
rotates, energy is captured from the surrounding
electromagnetic field containing an asymmetrical pulse wave
of back EMF. The energy produced and captured can be
directed in one of several directions, including returning
energy to the initial starter battery, rotating a shaft for
work and/or sending a current to energize a fan, light bulb
or other such device.

**BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS**

[0067] **FIG. 1** is a top perspective view of a back
EMF permanent electromagnetic motor generator with a single
stator and a single rotor.

![](2002-1.gif)

[0068] **[FIG. 1a](2002-1a.gif)** is a side
perspective view of a timing wheel and magnetic Hall Effect
uptake switch of the back EMF motor generator.

[0069] **[FIG. 1b](2002-1b.gif)** is a side
perspective view of the rotor of the back EMF motor
generator.

[0070] **[FIG. 2](6392-2.gif)** is a
schematic drawing incorporating circuitry for the back EMF
motor generator.

[0071] **[FIG. 3](6545-3.gif)** is a box
diagram showing the relationships of the back EMF motor
generator circuitry.

**DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION**

[0072] The present invention is a device and method for
creating a back EMF permanent electromagnetic motor
generator. As described in the Background Information, this
new motor generator conforms to all applicable
electrodynamic laws of physics and is in harmony with the
law of the conservation of energy, the laws of
electromagnetism and other related natural laws.

[0073] The back EMF permanent electromagnetic motor
generator is comprised of combination of electrical,
material and magnetic elements to capture available
electromagnetic energy (back EMF) in a recovery rectifier or
single diode from output coils. The capturing of back EMF
energy is also known as regauging in the art. As an
arbitrary starting point in describing this invention, an
input battery, as a means of energy, sends power through a
power on-off switch and then to a means for timing such as a
magnetic timing switch (Hall Effect magnetic pickup switch,
a semiconductor) which interfaces with or is in apposition
to a magnet on a timing wheel. The timing wheel may contain
any number of magnets of one or more, with the South
polarity facing outward and in apposition with the Hall
Effect pickup switch. The timing wheel is mounted at the end
of a shaft that also runs through the center midline of a
rotor containing any number of magnets of two or more. The
rotor magnets are arranged in a manner wherein they have the
same polarity and are equidistant from each other. The shaft
has the timing wheel mounted at one end, the rotor, and then
a means for work, such as a power take off at the opposite
end. However, there are other embodiments in which the
position of the rotor, timing wheel and power take-off have
other arrangements. The rotor is stabilized to a platform or
housing means and is fixed in a stationary position within a
stator.

[0074] The stator is comprised of a permanent magnet
connected to a means for conducting electromagnetic energy
such as two parallel bars, each bar having a magnetized pole
piece at one end of each bar. The conduction material of the
bar may be ferrous, powdered iron, silicon steel, stainless
magnetic steel, laminations of conductive material or any
other magnetic conductive material. Each bar is wrapped in a
conducting means to form an input coil. The means for
conducting may be copper, aluminum or any other conductive
material suitable for making a coil. The primary or input
coil is connected to the switching circuit. A second
conductive wrapping on top of the input coil becomes a
secondary or output coil. The secondary or output coil is
connected to the recovery circuit. The rotor is
symmetrically located between the pole pieces of the bars of
the stator and contains a series of magnets all having the
same polarity, North or South, with each magnet in the rotor
being in apposition to the pole piece as the rotor is in
rotation around the shaft.

[0075] When the rotor is energized from the battery of the
switching circuit, there is an initial magnetic field that
is instantly overcome as the magnetized pole pieces are in
apposition with the rotor magnets. As the rotor begins to
move, increasing electromagnetic energy is produced as a
result of flux gaiting from the apposed magnets of the rotor
and pole pieces. The coils surrounding the bars "buck" the
permanent magnet connecting the bars. This is known in the
art as the "buck boosting" principle. When the permanent
magnet is bucked by the coils, it reverses the polarity of
the pole pieces which are apposed to the rotor magnets
causing the rotor to increase its rotation or spin. The
energy available from the fields that are collapsing in the
primary and secondary coils, which creates the back EMF
within the system, is now in non-equilibrium. Through
circuitry and a switching means, energy can be put back into
the system. Available energy captured from the back EMF, may
be applied in different directions, including re-energizing
the input battery, storage in a capacitor, conversion by a
recovery rectifier to be stored in the input battery, a
capacitor or a secondary or recovery battery. Recovery
rectifiers convert AC to DC. Available energy may be used to
energize an electric bulb, fan or any other uses.

[0076] The shaft in the midline of the rotor can transfer
energy in the form of work through a power take-off. The
power take-off may be connected to any number of secondary
shafts, wheels, gears and belts to increase or reduce
torque.

[0077] This is a description of the basic invention,
however, there are an innumerable number of combinations and
embodiments of stators, rotors, Hall Effect magnetic pickup
switches, coils, recovery rectifiers and electronic
connecting modes that may be combined on a single shaft or
several shafts connected in various combinations and
sequences, and of various sizes. There may be any number of
stators to one rotor, however, there can be only one rotor
if there is a single stator. The number of Hall Effect
pickup switches may vary, for example, in the case of
multiple stators of high resistant coils, the coils may be
parallel to form a low resistant coil so that one Hall
Effect pickup with one circuit may fire all of the stators
at the same time. The number of magnets in both the timing
wheel and the rotor may also vary in number as well as the
size and strength of the magnets in gauss units. All types
of magnets may be used. The number of winds on both the
input and output coils on each conducting bar may also vary
in number and in conductive material.

[0078] The motor generator, as shown in FIG. 1, is an
example of a single stator, single rotor back EMF motor and
is comprised of a means of providing energy, such as input
battery 10 connected to power switch 11 (shown in FIG. 2)
and Hall Effect magnetic pickup switch 13. Magnetic pickup
13 interfaces with timing wheel 12 to form a timing switch.
Timing wheel 12 is comprised of four magnets 14 with the
South pole of each said magnet facing outward to magnetic
pickup 13. Timing wheel 12 is fixed at one end of shaft 15.
Located on shaft 15 is rotor 16. Rotor 16 can be of any
size, said rotor containing four rotor magnets 17. Said
rotor magnets 17 are arranged in a manner so all have the
same polarity. Opposite timing wheel 12 on shaft 15 is a
means for work, such as a power take-off 18. Rotor 16 is
mounted in a fixed position with rotor magnets 17 in
apposition with magnetized pole pieces 19a and 19b. Each
pole piece 19a and 19b is connected to iron bars 20a and
20b. Iron bars 20a and 20b are connected by a permanent
magnet 21. A means for conduction is wrapped around iron
bars 20a and 20b to form input coils 22a and 22b.
Superimposed upon input coils 22a and 22b are output coils
23a and 23b. Output coils 23a and 23b are connected to full
wave bridge first recovery rectifier 24a. First rectifier
24a is connected to battery 10.

[0079] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the motor generator
circuitry showing input coil connections from input battery
10 through power switch 11, transistors 30a,b, resistors
31a-d, through power supply lead 32 (VCC+) and to magnetic
pickup 13. Magnetic pickup 13 is in apposition with timing
wheel magnets 14 located on timing wheel 12. Off of magnetic
pickup 13 is collector lead 33 and ground lead 34. When
current is reversed, it flows through resistor 31e and
transistor 30c to input battery 10. Input coils 22a,b send
power to full wave bridge first recovery rectifier 24a which
then sends power through switch recovery 27 back into the
system, and/or to input battery 10. Output coils 23a and 23b
send power through single diode second recovery rectifier
24b to recovery battery 25. In this particular embodiment,
the value and type number of the components are as follows:
Hall Effect magnetic pickup switch 13 is a No. 3020;
transistor 30a is a No. 2N-2955; transistor 30b is a No.
MPS-8599; and transistor 30c is a No. 2N-3055; resistors 31a
and b are 470 ohms resistors; resistor 31b is a 2.2K ohms
resistor; resistor 31c is a 220 ohms resistor; resistor 31d
is a 1K ohms resistor; and recovery rectifier 24a is a 10
Amp, 400 volts bridge rectifier.

[0080] FIG. 3 is a box diagram showing the flow of voltage
from input battery A, through recovery circuit B, switching
circuit C and motor coils D. Motor coils D send available
back EMF energy through recovery circuit B, and from B to
recovery battery E and input battery A. Available back EMF
energy can also flow from switching circuit C to recovery
circuit B.

[0081] In multiple stator/rotor systems, each individual
stator may be energized one at a time or all of the stators
may be energized simultaneously. Any number of stators and
rotors may be incorporated into the design of such multiple
stator/rotor motor generator combinations. However, while
there may be several stators per rotor, there can only be
one rotor for a single stator. The number of stators and
rotors that would comprise a particular motor generator is
dependent upon the amount of power required in the form of
watts. The desired size and horse power of the motor
determines whether the stators will be in parallel or fired
sequentially by the magnetic Hall Effect pickup switch or
switches. The number of magnets incorporated into a
particular rotor is dependent upon the size of the rotor and
power required of the motor generator. In a multiple
stator/rotor motor generator, the timing wheel may have one
or more magnets, but must have one magnet Hall Effect pickup
switch for each stator if the stators are not arranged in
parallel. The back EMF energy is made available through the
reversing of the polarity of the magnetized pole pieces thus
collapsing the field around the coils and reversing the flow
of energy to the recovery diodes, which is capturing the
back EMF.

[0082] Individual motors may be connected in sequence with
each motor having various combinations of stators and rotors
or in parallel. Each rotor may have any number of rotor
magnets ranging from a minimum of 2 to maximum of 60. The
number of stators for an individual motor may range from 1
to 60 with the number of conducting bars ranging from 2 to
120.

[0083] What distinguishes this motor generator from all
others in the art is the presence of a permanent magnet
connecting the two conducting bars which transfer magnetic
energy through the pole pieces to the rotor, thereby
attracting the rotor between the pole pieces. With the rotor
attracted in between the two pole pieces, the coils switch
the polarity of the magnetic field of the pole pieces so
that the rotor is repelled out. Therefore there is no
current and voltage being used to attract the rotor. The
only current being used is the repulsion of the rotor
between the two conductive bar pole pieces thereby requiring
only a small amount of current to repel the rotor. This is
known as a regauging system and allows the capturing of
available back EMF energy for use. Finally, although the
invention has been described with reference of particular
means, materials and embodiments, it is to be understood
that the invention is not limited to the particulars
disclosed and extends to all equivalents within the scope of
the claims.

---

**Bedini Comments @ KeelyNet / Escribe**

**http://www.Energenx.com**

**Some of the reports on the Energizer
coming in**

*From:* **John34**   
*Date:* Fri, 12 Nov 2004 19:07:08

Peter,   
It may be a little premature for me to say this but so far I
have noticed that my useless batteries are charging faster
than the first battery is discharging. These batteries would
not take a charge to the point they are now. I have not done
a load test as they are still charging. It may be slow (it
increased when I replaced the four magnet rotor with the 6)
but there is clearly something unusual happening with this
circuit. There is no way that motor could run so long and
not discharge. I could understand the first battery powering
the spinning and then running out. But how could it also
charge the two batteries at once? Here we have power
necessary to move the wheel (I don't see how there could be
any more power to charge the other batteries beyond this
with regular electricity). Then we have one battery charging
faster than the discharge of the first. And then another
battery is also charging slightly faster than the same
discharge.

So I have seen several very interesting things so far. And
if the above continues to be true, and if useless batteries
are recovered, and possibly improved, then we have something
very remarkable. Time will tell, and is telling, that more
energy is coming out than going in. I wonder what would
happen if I had good batteries hooked up? There may be
something with my CD setup that works better than others
because the bearing allows for faster spinning. I think if
we reduce friction and wobble and air flow resistance then
we will see a more noticeable result. I do believe that the
objects of this project are accomplished. I am wondering if
it is worthwhile to attempt to add several coils to my
latest unit to increase the charge (as I read somewhere it
was possible, and as I have seen pictures on this group   
http://photos.groups.yahoo.com/group/Bedini\_SG/lst   
Are these pictures with the same curcuit and coils? Or did
they use an imporved circuit? (And is Burts "Improved Bedini
Circuit" really that?) I have finished making another coil
and circuit and was attempting to hook it up to my latest
bike wheel when, after a few minutes of adjustments, I hit
the magnets and knocked three off. Before that happened I
noticed increased speed and less wobble and a faster volts
charge (I have not been measuring amps yet). I hooked both
circuits up to the same two batteries as I had no other
batteries to use. When the magnets came off I decided to rip
the others off and place them in a position to allow for 16
to fit. I am about to start that up soon. How should I wire
these? Should I use the same battery to power both circuits?
And should I use the same other battery to receive charge
from both? or should I add one or two more batteries to
them? I ran out of wire to make any more coils but I could
use the other coil and circuit to have three on this system.

Are the improvements that can be made to this charger just
a matter of adding minor componants like capacitors (as it
appears from John's web site), or is it a much more invloved
production? I watched carefully both of your videos and it
would be far beyond me to reproduce anything like you
explained there, unless it was made easy enough as with this
project. If someone would show me what parts to buy and how
to hook everything up, I would be very interested in doing
that.

I suppose that one reason for taking time before rushing on
to a system that puts out more charge, beyond wanting
everyone to really understand what is going on, is that
higher output comes with a risk of more danger. If people do
not understand what is taking place, and are making
adjustments to it, then a more powerful unit may be
dangerous if one does not know what they are doing.

Looking forward to the next steps. Thank you,   
Rick

Sterling,   
Your conclusions in this post are on the right track. The
purpose of  this project is to demonstrate a motor with
an energy recovery system. You have succeeded in building
the system correctly. The only relavant questions are:   
1) Does the second battery charge as the first battery goes
down?   
2) Does the second battery charge faster than the metered
current suggests it should?   
3) Does the unmeterable portion of what is charging the
second battery ALMOST make up for the losses in the system?
If your test data suggests that the answer to these
questions is "yes", then you have succeeded with the
project. That is all this "school girl motor" was ever meant
to do, and all we ever said it would do. As far as we can
tell, your very first test data showed all the necessary
truths. Do you know of any other system that does this well
or better? If someone out there is reading this, and knows
of a better system,then please bring it forward. A number of
people who have been working with this system quietly, are
beginning to see the performance enhancements that appear in
the battery. That is where we said it would show up. There
is NO meterable OU coming out of the machine. I hope this
helps people stay focussed on what is real and possible with
this project.   
Peter Lindemann

~~~~~~
**What Charges The Batteries ---
John**

*From:* **John34**   
*Date:* Thu, 11 Nov 2004 21:38:23

The Question was asked on the SG group. My
answer:

Yes I have done this experiment, buy doing this you invoke
the 'lamellar' currents" rule, this is from Kron not me.
This means that you break up the currents into branches.
Each 'lamellar' scalar current" is additive to equal the sum
of the total. The Heaviside current surrounds the wire, this
is almost like reactive power, the digital meter has a very
hard time reading this. The system is a "Unity System", what
you put in you get out, but you are loosing a lot with clip
leads and bad wiring. If you want to see what is charging
your batteries you need a scope. The output wire positive is
run through the center of a solenoid coil of many turns this
will couple at 90 degrees with the Heaviside current. What
you will see is a ringing wave that is charging the battery,
it is not electricity in a true form it is pieces of
electricity.   
What is this current? It is made up of mostly scalars this
couples in the batteries when it meets the next scalar that
it can couple with, this is what charges your batteries. You
wanted to know so here it is. The next part of the system is
more mysterious, I will save this for a later time. I did
show Susan today what this wave looks like.The idea here is
to charge the secondary batteries as fast as possible from
one primary battery. The faster the charge, the more power
you can use. This means speed with the motor/energizer. The
energizer is a open loop system so it can expand this type
of wave. You must have this type of wave with a Radiant type
systems, just look at a Tesla Coil output you will see it,
in many ringing waves. It takes Quaternion math to see this,
along with the magnetic fields of the Motor/energizer.   
John Bedini

~~~~~~~

**My answer to them all on that group ---
John Bedini**

*From:* **John34**   
*Date:* Thu, 21 Oct 2004 19:14:28

To all, I just want to keep the story straight so here is
what I said.   
John

Koen, Horace, Etc,

To all in question, this is why I will not supply Stefan
any charts, waveforms, etc... It is simply not true, as I
have been posting this information for years on my Internet
site. All one must do is LOOK. If I read the answers from
Stefan carefully, it looks like he is unwilling to devote
his attention to anything I have said to him. I have
answered his questions with complete honesty at every turn.
I told Stefan that we use a very special meter to determine
the charge in the secondary battery. That meter is called a
BK Precision Battery Capacity Analyzer, Model 600. What is
so hard to understand about this and what more proof do you
need that the battery is REALLY CHARGED, knowing the meter
reads the battery's capacity in amp-hours? The second thing
here is this. The circuit is right in front of your eyes.
This circuit does unexpected things. You can only discover
these things by building one and testing it on your own lab
bench. No amount of "thinking about it" will penetrate the
mysteries. Coming to criticize me over Stefan's problem is
not the answer here, because it goes much deeper then this.
Stefan has a vast lack of knowledge in this field, and
apparently, so do you. The ONLY way for you to remedy this,
is to build the device and study what it does.This is what I
have done for 35 years!

I have stated plainly that I want nothing to do with Newman
or his theory or his test results, and the machine is not
over unity in any way. How many times must I say this?

I will say this in plain English again for you both. Go
through My pages. You will see pictures of the wave-forms.
You will see every machine I have ever experimented with,
including the "bucking field" generator. You will see
everything I talk about. I do not just sit here and draw
diagrams that do not work. I test everything. I do original
work, and patent it. When I "duplicate" someone else's
device, I report it and give credit to the inventor, like my
"Adams" replication. I don't obscure other people's work,
like Stefan's goofy "Easy Meg", which has no technical
similarities to the monumental work of Tom Bearden.

I did not give Sterling bogus information when he arrived
here to see if my devices were real. I sat right here and
let his engineer watch batteries charging, hooked up to the
scope so he could see the wave-forms. I sat right here and
showed him how the circuits work. I sat right here and
explained everything I could within reason. But this company
has millions of dollars worth of  stockholders.
Sterling and his group signed "Non-Disclosure Agreements"
before the demonstrations. I gave Sterling permission to
start his public replication project for the "School Girl
Motor." The idea that I have some nebulous obligation to
disclose everything about this technology on the Internet is
pure fantasy. When I DO give you "step one" on the path to
this discovery, you refuse to take it. This proves you are
not even ready to take "step two", much less a complete
disclosure. The fact is, you wouldn't understand what I am
doing now, anyway. So why disclose it?

I have posted the Kron work on my pages, along with the
wave-form pictures. You obviously don't know what it all
means.

These systems do NOT capture "back EMF". Back EMF is not
capturable. My patents say that my motor captures Back EMF
because THAT is the only claim the Patent Office would
accept. In reality, Back EMF is a term in electrical science
that refers to the effect that reduces the current draw in a
traction motor as the motor speeds up and generates a
counter voltage that opposes the applied current. THAT is
"back EMF." My systems do NOT use this process.

Koen, you are correct when you say that I am quoting Tesla
correctly. But it goes much deeper than that. I actually
understand what Tesla was saying and my systems tap the same
Radiant Energy that Tesla discovered. Stefan is clueless as
to how this works, and has never listened to my suggestions
about how this works.

There is NO free electricity produced in these systems, or
any other system that I know of. I have stated this
repeatedly. The only thing these systems produce are a
series of "high voltage spikes" that have no current
associated with them. Voltage without current is the nature
of Radiant Energy. This is what Tesla said. I call this
"reactive power" because it does not represent voltage and
current simultaneously, that could be measured as WATTS.
This Radiant Reactive power WILL charge batteries, light
light-bulbs andother things but it DOES NOT meter as REAL
POWER. This is why your math is useless! So please, quit
quoting your theories and analyses to me. My light-bulbs are
on. Are yours? You are welcome to believe in your theory,
but I KNOW that Tesla was right about the nature of
electricity, and how to successfully tap its useful
fractions. If you would just build the motor the way I have
said, you could begin to learn about this too.

Beyond this, I am done CHATTING with you. Leave the people
alone who are trying to learn this. Your ignorant comments
are of no use. That's as nice as I can be about it.

John Bedini

**X123 Sends Message --- John34**

*From:* **John34**   
*Date:* Sat, 9 Oct 2004 18:58:17   
Jerry, John,

Sorry can't seem to append to the thread, however, I
believe something to consider is the recent work by NASA and
others in the study of lighting. At a conference in 1999 I
remember seeing data showing there is a constant return
current flowing from all over the earth back into the sky
resulting from lightning strikes hitting the earth. This
current is very, very, small --- around 10-12 amps per
square meter and varies slightly depending on temperature
and wind conditions. The measured potential was 100 volts
per meter as I remember, however, the high resistance of air
normally masks us from any felt effects.  An example
was given saying one of the basketball players has about a
200 volt potential at the top of his head. I would think a
300' conductive antenna transmission line would make a
really big difference. Also, a vertical arrangement would
make more sense than a horizontal one.   
X123

To All,   
Lets make this much simpler then it is, and no one will get
hurt doing the experiment. Just put up your 200 ft of coax
40 feet high supported between two fiber glass poles, this
should give 1000 volts potential charge. Next take an SCR
800 volts, leave the high voltage capacitor where it is
connected, now face the SCR cathode towards the positive
pole of the battery and ground the negative side of the
battery with an 8 ft ground. Connect a neon bulb between the
anode and the gate, at 90 volts the neon will fire and the
battery will get a "real radiant charge" (Conversion is
backwards from electrostatic to radiant should see saw tooth
wave, much stronger). The faster you fire this bulb the
better the battery will charge. It's important to leave the
.00047 uf 5000 volt capacitor between the cable or connected
to the anode and ground, it's important to use a capacitor
something like mica or a glass tinfoil capacitor. If looking
at it with a scope be careful just look between anode and
cathode. Please be very careful with this experiment.   
John Bedini

~~~~~~
**Radiant System --- John Bedini**

*From:* **John34**   
*Date:* Thu, 7 Oct 2004 18:45:25

Ken, It looks like to me that your really getting into
Tesla's work, What if, Tesla was dead wrong and all the
power we are calling Longitudinal is not that at all. What
if I said to you that Radiant energy when transformed is
longitudinal and all information can be contained in that
wave, and that the next transformation process is nothing
more then reactive power?.... Then what if Emmett, in what
he told you turns out to be after the transformation process
total reactive power looking like a square wave, or more
like a PWM wave at very low frequency and that reactive
power can charge your storage battery. The next question is
what if your cookbook math does not fit the transformation
process that takes place, would you add numbers to make the
equation balance? What if I told you that the engineers do
not understand what a magnetic field is when it is used in
the transformation process between radiant and reactive
power. I do understand that you must use the math, and I'm
not asking for any math here in your answers, simple terms
on how you see all this, so those that are having a hard
time following us can understand what we are talking about.
It could be that we are all saying the same thing which just
boil's down to charge in the end and how we get it. I also
understand that you do electromagnetic engineering so you
have seen many different things in your work. One more
thing, if the process starts at the Radiant level and then
proceeds to longitudinal and then moves to reactive and then
to a square wave and from that point moves to the sing wave
in the end would you agree with this?. That these are the
transformations we must go through? I have a reason for
asking these questions when I start to add something
different to this equation, but I'm going to keep this on a
simple level as much as I can. Also this is not any kind of
contest in any way to see who knows what, but I want to get
down to the basics of a full functioning radiant system that
anybody can build with junk parts. I have found that most
people do not understand the basics in electronics and want
to keep it very simple. As I have stated before I will not
use the terms Free Energy or Over Unity because I see none
anywhere, even Tesla was going to use the generators to
power his reactive power system tuned to certain frequency
in a high Q pickup like you said in your post, no free
energy here, just a nice transmission of power free for the
taking, so Morgan said your not milking my cow for free. By
the way, this system is already in use.

**Radiant Motor --- John34**

*From:* **John34**   
*Date:* Tue, 5 Oct 2004 21:03:34

To All, Roamer, Brett, Ken, Etc.

To answer Roamer, that's right, that's all it takes to do
this, its just the   
basic system.

Brett, You have had this so many times, but your just
trying to do this so fast. your answer, It is in the upward
spike that contains the Radiant energy, would you like a
test tube, or are you going to fly on one of those airplanes
for a visit? Expanding this system, Take 100 ft of coax
cable RG59U and do the same hookup you will be surprised,
watch the frequency it will be high. It will have uniform
capacitance and low inductance, just like Tesla said. The
problem in coil design, is the current through the coil, the
more the magnetic field the more the heat. That means the
bigger the coil is the more the waste the lower the
frequency, so why do we need Iron in the system at all? This
is the problem that Tesla faced at high frequency with iron,
Pulsed Radiant Discharge was the answer and no iron. EV Gray
had the same problem in his motor, his test stand was an
iron-less coil to blow off the magnets under Pulse Radiant
Discharge.  The answer to the problem was a very sharp
spike on the leading edge. This does not take rocket science
to get the job done, and then a few little light bulbs for
all to read by.

Ken, If I could just find a power supply to bake people,
what a great device. only kidding. But these devices have
been known since the early 60's, but as time will tell its
just to be used for mass sheep control in some sinister way,
you'll see, hope you got your graphite shields up.

Just a comment sent to me from another researcher, talking
about  the motor: "The electrons in the coil just get
slapped and squeezed by the pulse. The pulse is so strong
and the resistance high that a choking effect occurs. But
the voltage is highly elevated in the coil from this effect.
I think...the radiant energy must happen during coil brake
down, between pulses. I cant see it on my meters. All I
know, it is very, very powerful. I just don't understand why
this is not being used. Surely other folks have built these
designs. I use mine everyday."   
John34

**Bedini pages updated again, an
answer --- John34**

From: John34   
Date: Fri, 1 Oct 2004 21:03:40

Ken, I want to try to answer you but I do not know where to
start. I guess we must start at the basics of my work 35
years ago. As a new engineer out of school, I had the
opportunity to work in the semiconductor field, while
working in this field I had seen many strange things that
semiconductors do, so a little background. I think what I'm
trying to explain to everybody is that I have changed my
attitude on what is termed "free energy" and "over unity".
It's not that I do not agree that there is no free energy,
because there is, windmill, solar panels, water power, it
just takes money to get there. What I have found out is that
the energy machines that produce this Radiant Reactive Power
are strange indeed, let's take an example, the G-Field
generator. Looking at this machine indicates as if more
power is being consumed then is coming out of the machine.
When the waveforms are looked at, the power being produced
is "Reactive" and of no use as real power goes, but it does
light lights and it speeds up under load, when built right.
The next thing is that when the machine is hooked to a
storage battery it charges the hell out of that battery and
speeds up even faster so the input power goes way down. This
is the same thing I have noticed with the Mono-Pole motor, I
have studied these wave forms until I could not see straight
and all the time my mind refusing to see the truth about
what it was I was looking at. I noticed that it charged
capacitors very good and charged batteries and the power was
really there except my meters could not measure it. This led
me into studies of the coil that I was winding for these
machines. Even if I had the machine working I still was not
convinced something was charging the batteries I could not
measure, it was not until about 15 years later I knew that I
had to do something to find out what it was, just at that
time Peter Lindemann's book, The Free Energy Secrets of Cold
Electricity, so I bought three books and called Peter or
Peter call me I can't remember, but so what. Any way Peter
and I joined forces to explore what it really was that these
machine were doing. So after working with Peter and building
every possible machine, these are My conclusions, There is
no "Free energy", there is no "Over Unity" in any of these
machines that can be measured with normal scopes and meters
and we are just all assuming uncles Joe's theory to be
right. When I put up the new pages I did not want to debate
anybody about what I posted. I only wanted to try to explain
what I found to be the proof  of what everybody is
calling Free Energy/ Over Unity, as it turns out to be
"Radiant Reactive Power", so term it as you will, di/dt or
whatever it is all the same in the end. If the machine can
produce this Radiant spike before the switch turns on and
the spike is reactive and if it tapped off at the right time
and sent to the battery in the proper polarity, it will
charge your battery. I'm not going to by into all these
theories about unproven experiments unless the experiment is
done in front of me, as I have posted enough experiments to
show everyone what it is.

One step further on this is that, I know some of the people
did try to build my motor's and did not get the results
expected, but I can say that enough people have been to my
shop to see the proof of what I say I have built and have
watched these motors and solid state devices charging
batteries. So I'm saying that the power you seek is "Radiant
Reactive Electricity", and it takes an input to get it in
some amount, that is all there is in these machines and
strange devices. The riddle has been solved in my book.   
John Bedini

**An Answer to a question John 34**

*From:* **John34**   
*Date:* Fri, 10 Sep 2004 21:47:16   
Michael, If we start here in the paragraph below by Kron, we can
see why this motor must recharge the battery.

Kron, Gabriel. "...the missing concept of "open-paths" (the
dual of "closed-paths") was discovered, in which currents
could be made to flow in branches that lie between any set of
two nodes. (Previously & #8212; following Maxwell ---
engineers tied all of their open-paths to a single
datum-point, the 'ground'); That discovery of open-paths
established a second rectangular transformation matrix...
which created 'lamellar' currents..."... "A network with the
simultaneous presence of both closed and open paths was the
answer to the author's years-long search."

So what is it that Kron is talking about, What is very common
to this in nature, and what took so long for Kron to find out.
Here is how I see it, Kron is talking about branch currents.
Nature has many branch currents but we do not talk about them
in electrical terms. Example, a river can not flow if the
little streams (branch currents) are not feeding it. A tree
can not have a trunk if it had no branches. Nature has given
us all the examples, but we must make use of the meaning as we
see it before there can be any invention, and then it must
follow all physical laws in that universe. For example what is
the word " lamellar" mean, it means the stacking of plates ,
wires and so on, in a battery the number of plates give rise
to many branch currents that make up one high current output
in the end result. Flowing between the plates are "lamellar"
currents provided by the chemical reaction, only at the speed
which nature works best at, this does not mean that the
battery needs massive currents to charge it, it's quit the
opposite. What is it that the meters read when we measure
something, simple wasted energy that has just been dissipated
out of that system. You can only measure that and nothing
more, so the only thing that you can measure is the primary
circuit, because this is the closed loop in this system. Kron
goes on to say that currents were made to flow in branch
currents between nodes in the primary circuit, so what is
wrong with the coil in this motor, what is missing, and how
could it be changed to act like the river?, you already
have  the second node away from the primary circuit to
the battery that will collect it. The meter can not measure
the longitudinal wave from these currents to the second
battery, for these currents are radiant in nature and can only
be translated by the chemical reaction in that second battery,
this process does not boil the battery so there is no water
loss, for if you loose the water in that battery you will have
no electricity at all. But you can use your volt meter to see
the charge on that secondary battery. We never got anything
but a volt meter after all these years did we. More later on
this subject.   
John Bedini

---

**Keelynet**

**The Bedini Patent**

From: **William Alek**   
Date: Sat, 4 Aug 2001

I've been looking over Mr. Bedini's patent, WO 01/52390 A1
  
 
<http://student.ccbc.cc.md.us/~norman/Bedinimotor.pdf

No where in the patent am I seeing claims of over-unity?
What I am seeing is the "possibility of over-unity"
suggested there in (page 5, line 13), but   
NOT actual or real over-unity produced by his device! Now,
Mr. Bedini does mention (page 12, line 4), "... the motor to
produce an energy level of COP = 0.98, more or less,
depending upon configuration, circuitry, switching elements
and the number and size of stators, rotors and coils that
comprise the motor." includes ONLY the electrical and
electronic components, however, does NOT mention or include
the efficiency, or inefficiency of charging the battery.
Battery charge inefficiencies would most certainly lower his
overall COP value!

I would think that his systems (including motor, rotor, and
batteries) would have an overall efficiency of around 85%,
or COP = 0.85. This isn't too bad   
for modern systems, however, this is a long way from being a
"self-runner", which of course is the ultimate goal.

William S. Alek   
INTALEK, INC.   
3506-43rd. Place   
Highland, IN  46322-3129 
USA     HOME PAGE:
<http://www.intalek.com   
FAX: 219.924.2793   
OFFICE PHONE: 219.924.2742   
EMAIL: <mailto:wsalek@intalek.com

---

**Keelynet**

**Advanced Bedini Motor/Energizer**

*From:* **Harlan Sanders**   
*Date:* Fri, 3 Dec 2004

Hello All,

Just wanted to let everyone know my experience with an
ADVANCED version of the Bedini Schoolgirl motor/energizer.
John gave me a   
schematic a few weeks ago of a device that he said would
put the issue of radiant energy battery charging to rest.

Having built several other versions of his devices
successfully, I was very excited to receive the schematic.
I built the device EXACTLY as John said   
with ABSOLUTELY NO CHANGES!!!!

The first spin the device spun up to around 800 rpm's on
a 22" bicycle wheel; and that's fairly fast. The device
achieved resonance and the current drain dropped by about
20%, maintaining the rotation speed, and even got a bit
faster.

The input battery was a 12v, 1.2aH battery, and as John
suggested, I put 4 on the output side. Within a few
minutes, the batteries began to rise in voltage. There has
been some big debate for awhile about this "radiant
charge" producing only a surface charge on the batteries.
Well my friends, this is NO SURFACE CHARGE.

The charge was held for 30 minutes at rest, and when I
tested the batteries with the Computerized Battery
Analyzer by West Mountain Radio, the batteries produced a
steady drain for an extended period, after being
previously dead, with readings as low as 8 volts per gel
cell. They were NOT charged prior to the test with a
conventional charger!!! They were completely dead.

In a conversation with John, we were discussing the issue
of larger batteries. I told John that I had 2 garden
tractor batteries that were completely sulfated and would
NOT take a charge at all with a conventional charger.

Tested with the CBA, the batteries produced 1 amp for
less than 1 second. I tried charging the batteries 4
different times with a regular automotive battery charger,
first on the 6 amp rate for 6 hours, and then overnight on
the 2 amp rate. I tried this 4 separate times with no
luck. The voltage of the batteries would rise to 14 volts
but the current was not even 1 amp when loaded, and then
the voltage would drop to 8 or 9 volts under load
immediately.

Then John advised that I attach 2 diodes to the output of
the newest advanced device that I had built. That would
give me 2 isolated branches to charge with. So, I did
exactly that. He said to put a steady power supply on the
input so as to produce steady input for an extended time,
and simply walk away from the machine and the batteries.

The following evening, I stopped the Advanced Energizer
Circuit. I removed the recovery batteries. Now, listen
closely! The 2 garden batteries that were completely
useless and would have otherwise been thrown away are now
producing as much as 7 amps of current for several minutes
at a time before being discharged to 11.4 volts.

Now, one secret to the Bedini process is the cycling of
the batteries in the device. Each cycle, the batteries
become less and less sulfated. I am compiling tests of
each battery that I use in the device for increases in
usefulness. Having proven the smaller devices last year, I
am now proving the usefulness of the larger and more
advanced Bedini circuitry.

It seems that John has been right all along, and nobody
has been listening or following his directions. I have
seen engineers argue the Ohms law, and all of that other
taught discipline in electrical theory. When these people
forget the conventional way of thinking and just do the
experiments and quit listening to incompetent people who
fail, then there will be more advanced devices that will
provide useful power to, otherwise helpless people. You
will NOT measure a 1 amp drain in the circuits with a 4
amp output!!! I REPEAT, the circuits do NOT indicate with
conventional meters any gain!!! But the batteries become
fully charged!!! When all of you forget meters to show
this energy, you will see in the load tests that the
energy has charged the batteries. It is provided as extra
watts in the load tests. That's where you will see it.
Perhaps some of you have been looking at this energy all
along, but did not know what to look for. Or perhaps, some
have been just following the words of a few unsuccessful
people who could not walk and chew bubblegum at the same
time. If I can do it, ANYONE CAN!!!

I have PROVEN 100%; and I have the analyzer load tests,
that these batteries were useless. And now they are
resurrected to a useful level. And that increases with
each charge and discharge in the unit. Now, if the battery
will supply one amp of current for a period of time,
perhaps into the hours, then these batteries have been
saved, at least enough to charge more batteries with the
machine. The way I see it, $50 worth of wire and
transistors, scrap PVC for a frame, and some Radio Shack
magnets and a scrap bicycle wheel , has begun recovering
$50 worth of batteries within 24 hrs.

I have posted some pics of the new, advanced device on
www.nuscam.org . I have blocked out some areas of Bedini's
proprietary circuitry, until such time that he wishes to
release it, then I will replace with the untouched photos.
But that is his decision, not mine. The general
description of the circuits are in his patents. The
schematic that was provided to Sterling Allen and others
is a start. Learn the technology, and how it works, then
perhaps the more advanced circuits will be available in
the future.

Best regards,   
Harlan Sanders

---

**Keelynet**

**Another Bedini Device that "Works"**

*From:* **DMBoss1021**

*Date:* Wed, 31 May 2000 08:13:39

Hi folks:

This is a prelim report that
another Bedini deive has been replicated by two of us, and
not only works, but after we built it to his specs, and
gained a   
basic understanding of why/how it may work, could then
predict changes to the design which improved it's
functioning.

It is, in my opinion, imperative
to follow his construction details closely, for first
replication.  This is necessary, as I believe he has an
intuitive,   
or objective grasp of some advanced concepts, or properties
of the interaction of magnetic fields, and oscillating ones,
and how they interact   
with reality, and or  - space-time; the ZPE; or the
aether depending on what you call it.

And yes, at times his details are
difficult to comprehend.  But it is not his task to
give a basic course in electronics, or static/dynamic
magnetics.   
Also some concepts of correct functioning of certain devices
may run counter to what we have been led to believe by
conventional theory - so even if   
something he specifies doesn't make sense - try it first,
then after it works, figure out why.

That said, the device / effect we
have replicated is found here:

**http://www.amasci.com/freenrg/bedini.txt**

I built it exactly as shown, as i
have these size magnets (RS does not sell these large ones
anymore, but they are available elsewhere)

I had a suspicion, from the
comments about this pencil thin "scalar beam" or effect,
that this may be the same or similar to what is described on
my site   
as the "Primary Energy".

Once built, and the motor turned
on, there is indeed a "beam" of energy emitted from the
sides where the magnet faces oppose each other (bucking).   
This beam was exactly the same as the Primary Energy (PE)
beams that can be made with a container of inert gas, and a
magnetic field.

In the case of just the running
device, in open air, emitting a beam, I surmised that this
field arrangement and modulation was exciting the argon   
atoms in the air (Ar is 1% of air) - so to see if this is
the case, I placed a  tube of another inert gas, at
this location (the place where the "beam"   
comes out of the magnet interface) - and a VERY powerful PE
beam was created --- much more powerful than if the tube is
simply placed against the magnets, without the modulation.

And in addition, with the
addition of a 25 ohm, wire wound rheostat in the circuit, to
vary the motor's speed, (and hence the FREQ of the pulse
signal,   
thru the coil), the PE beam strength, varies as the FREQ is
varied, and there are several resonant "nodes" where a small
FREQ range, makes a much large beam effect, as this FREQ
range is passed, while changing the speed.  There are
several of these resonant points.

This has been replicated many
times, by myself, now, and by another, using a different
magnet size/shape, with similar results.

Both of us independently have
found that our current crude, "measurement" of an anomalous
quality which seems to be related to this energy (and not   
thermal, or EM sources) is affected in the same way, by
these "scalar" beams, augmented with a xenon flashtube. (not
flashed) (this objective measurement, is separate from the
subtle sensing of "feeling" of the PE, and will be detailed
later, as we get a better handle on it)

I am working on a write up for a
post to my web site - in next few days, with all the
details.

The magnetic field analysis,
using QuickField, shows that this arrangement of permanent
magnets, with the modulator coil is making the same field
shape, and relative flux density gradients, as that of the
"Magnetic Beam Amplifier" shown on my site, and detailed in
US patent # 5,929,732.

In this case, it is a "dual
beamer" as opposed to the "quad beamer" shown on the patent,
and the "hex beamer" shown on my site.  The two bucking
or   
opposing magnets, are like the radial "focusing" plane,
described in the patent, and the modulating coil forms the
field of the axial magnet - and   
this axial field is pulsed, or alternated (if any back EMF's
from the motor, cause complex AC harmonics in the
modulation).

In the "beamer" field
configuration - there is found a "null" zone where the
bucking fields intersect, or "collide" as Bedini describes
it.  And with the   
modulation, this null zone then is caused to move front and
back, along the same axis as the coil. And the overall
beamer field shape is also caused to   
move back and forth, and if AC is present, will flip or
mirror on each oscillation.  (our theory is this a
severe "aether stretch", and forms a   
resonant cavity for the PE)

Now with reference to the "Hyper
Light Speed Antenna" patent:   
http://www.escribe.com/science/keelynet/m8147.html

There is also similar reports of
bio effects, which are reported from this device's "beam" or
field, and by the PE.

And notice that this device also
used a set of bucking magnetic fields, with a modulation
injected.  And this patent's author describes the
interface   
between the bucking magnetic fields as like a "window" to a
higher dimension.

One more note on the bedini
"scalar field, or beam" device: --- I noticed in the field
analysis that the field strengths of the coil, and magnets
were   
greatly mismatched - and surmised that if this "beamer field
shape" was responsible for the effect, in some measure, that
increasing the current to   
the coil should then make it perform better. (better
matching of magnetic field strengths)

So I did a test with applying a
mechanical load to the motor shaft (and measured the
current) - the current could be increased 5 fold this way,
and   
the resulting beam was greatly increased in intensity, and
followed the current level in a proportional manner.

Also, I noticed that while
applying this load to the motor, by hand, that a PE
emanation was present at the motor housing, and shaft! 
So I believe there   
is some kind of subtle "current" at work here, and some
feedback, and resonance within the electrical conductors may
occur, (the PE can be   
"carried" on a good conductor, as shown in other
experiments).  So this crude modulation method, may in
fact be a critical factor to achieving this!

An armature type permanent magnet
motor, has pemanent magnets as the stators, and a rotating
armature, of coils - that are sequntially energized by the
action of the brushes on the armature.  This creates a
sparking effect at the brush/armature connection (and in
this case, a spark, was observed,   
indicating a plasma present) - and air is also
present.  So (possibly) another PE emanation is being
created in the motor as well as it functioning   
as the pulse generator!

And this may be indicative as to
why some older methods to make certain effects work, while
newer, "modern" methods do not.  (when you use the
sparks gaps, and electro - magnetic - mechanical systems -
the effect is not necessarily the same as a "solid state"
method!

I believe Bearden commented on
this - that many times a jury rigged device has stumbled
upon a method, material, impurity, or configuration, which
is   
the key to an effect, but more modern, clean, or pure
methods may not have the right elements to accomplish this.

A note of caution - any who are
following the PE, and experimenting with it --- this beam
method is VERY powerful, and may pose some dangers to body
exposure.  This is evidenced by my feeling the strong
tingling, in the sense hand, turning into a strong numbness
in the hand and arm, which then lasted for over an hour
after each exposure!  This numbness felt like the
effect of using a "hammer drill" to drill many successive
holes in concrete - the   
strong mechanical vibrations making the arms/hands feel numb
for a time after this work.

As stated, I am working on the
drawings, a field analyses, and writing up this info, and
will inform when this is done.

The Primary Energy site:
http://hometown.aol.com/dmboss1021/NEWPH/Index.html

Sincerely,

DMBoss102

---

YOU WANT O.U. - HERE IT IS!!!   
*From:* **Jerry Decker - KN**   
*Date:* Sat, 27 Nov 2004 17:53:31

Hola Folks!

Not exactly sure what happened,
but Emmett sent the following which did not make it to the
list or archive, so I'm reposting.   
I think the problem was the photos he mentions since this
list doesn't accept attachments as per the guidelines page
at;

http://www.keelynet.com/discuss.htm

So Emmett, if you'll send me the
photos, I'll put them up on a webpage with your comments and
a link to your email for private correspondence;

Good Afternoon All,

TO START: I believe O.U. does
indeed exist.

There are some different ways to
do this, some simple, and a little energy - some abit, how
shall I say more complex, but unbelievable amounts of
energy, I know, been there and have done it.

HERE IS A SIMPLE WAY TO ACHIEVE
THIS!!!

BUT FIRST; As I always give
credit where credit is due, First and formost to John Bedini
for his motor/energizers, Tom Bearden for the math and help
in seeing what isn't always obvious, on his website, to my
friend, Stan Mayer, for thoughts, encouragement and how to
do things with what few electronic parts are available in my
area, i.e. radio shack, and to all the greats before me,
Maxwell, Faraday, Stubblefield and especially Tesla

NOW ON TO BUSINESS: I will
provide a brief description and as  you all can see
there are photos, and if any are in my area or want to come
to my shop, I will be glad to let you see, tinkker and
phootograph to your hearts desire, on this project anyway.

1). We will start with Johns
school girl energizer(simplified) first. There are many of
you out there that I know of that have achieved minor   
o.u. in the .01-.1-.2 volt range for periods of time, there
are those of you who have achieved a 1-1 unity, i.e.,
trading the same voltage back and forth between batteries
over time and the voltage does not go up or down altho in
practical situations(not this) it would normally go down
over time due to resistance in the wires, resistance in the
bearings, air resistance of the rotor rotating, and general
quality of workmanship,

there are those of you who are
close to 1-1 unity but are only losing .1-.3 volts over a 24
hr. period, that is good too, but not good enough but not to
worry.

I have included in the pictures,
photo1, of my sg energizer, "the black widow" so you can see
all the wires and circuitry etc. nothing hidden, nothing
magical.

Photo #2). rear view with a small
coil with a screw thru the center attached to a copper/PVC
pipe stand, the leads are attached to a home-made 4-diode,
simple full wave bridge rectifier, (4)in4003 diodes, or a
stand alone manufactured one will work also with a cap.
connected across to smooth out the spikes.

I originally used a reed switch
but they have a tendancy to burn shut and last only so long,
so I asked my buddy, Stan Mayer, what I could substitute,
thanks Stan.

Yes I know the pictures are dark,
using an old polaroid instamatic, flash burnt out, but
wanted pictures, NOW, you will notice that the leads from
the fullwbrid.rec. are connected to a DVM and it reads 6.13
volts.

Now this little coil is made from
a screw about an inch long and 3/16" in dia. wrapped with
radio shack 28g wire about 200' worth. This is far in excess
of those who are losing .1-.13 volts every 24 hrs or so O.U.
IN MY BOOK...BUT IT GETS BETTER.

Photo # 3). is just a side view.

Photo #4). now some of you have
found that you don't need your wheel to rotate at all, that
by just stacking your magnets on top and a few adjustments
it becomes a resonate circuit and some of you are finding
that it is still charging your batteries, both input and
output at the same time, this is more than possible. Stan
explained how the electronics do indeed do this thru a
little window in time(pun intended).

Picture #4 is mine doing just
that BUT IT GETS EVEN BETTER!!!

NOT ONLY DO YOU NOT NEED A ROTOR
ROTATING, YOU DON'T NEED MAGNETS TO MAKE IT RESONATE, JUST
ANOTHER COIL,

photo #5, show my coil sitting on
top, it is smaller than the main coil, so needed to get it
closer, altho sidfe by side it will still provide a voltage,
just not as big, now!!

1, if you make your coils larger,
the same size and attach the circuit I described above, you
not only achieve O.U. in charging the two batteries, but you
can run extra voltage even above, the DVM reads 2.579 volts
in case u can't see it.

SO NOW YOU NOT ONLY HAVE O.U., IN
ONE SYSTEM BUT A SECOND SYSTEM AND THERE IS NO MOVEMENT,
POSSIBLY A SIMPLIFIED MEG WITH SIMPLIFIED STUFF, BUT I CAN'T
NOT SAY FOR SURE, EITHER WAY IT IS A NON-MOVING GENERATOR
THAT YOU ALL CAN BUILD EASILY IN A COUPLE OF HOURS!!!

I ask only one or two things,
PLEASE, tell and send this to all your family, friends,
other energy sights, Rense .com , papers, radio, tv, or
whatever as the momentum needs to raise sharply, like the
spike on a scope of radiant energy as some have seen, or
this will die a very quick death and my other peripheral
devices along these lines are not worth  putting out
and I shall go into quiet retirement.

ALSO.. any who want to  come
to my office and shop to see, tinker, experiment, and
photograph etc. are more than welcome, I have NOTHING TO
HIDE. my address is

Westwood/'Westside Apts. Office,
  
1015 Oakcrest St., .Iowa City, Iowa   
8-6 or so Mon.,-Fri. and about 9:30 1:00 or so on Sat.

Best Regards,   
Emmett L. Butler

---

**www.wondermagnet.com** // **www.otherpower.com**
~ **Forum**   
Initiated by finsawyer   
Mar 23rd, 2004

**Measuring Output of Bedini Motors**

When scanning this site I noticed
some postings concerning Bedini motors but had no idea what
they were like. When I finally found what they were I wasn't
surprised by the basic idea, but I was by the claim that
these things put out more power than is put in and by the
controversy. It turns out that there may be a fairly easy
way to determine the output power. This has to do with the
energy storing properties of capacitors.  The Bedini
motor has an output capacitor that is charged and then
discharged into a battery pack.

For a capacitor of value C farads
the energy E stored in it as a function of its voltage V is
E = 1/2xCxV^2.  For instance, a capacitor of 1000
Microfarads with a voltage of 100 volts contains 5 joules of
energy.  The voltage across a capacitor then gives an
unambiguous measure of its energy.

A Bedini motor when tuned turns
at a constant rpm.  This means that the pulses
generated will be uniformly spaced in time.  An
oscilloscope can be used to monitor the voltage across the
output capacitor.  The drop in voltage when the
capacitor is discharged then gives energy outputted: E =
1/2xCx(Vmax^2-Vmin^2).  Multiplying this by the number
of pulses per second (determined from the oscilloscope
sweep) gives the total output in joules/second (watts). This
method can be used for any capacitor pulse charging system.

Input power can be measured by
putting a small resistor in series with the battery and
measuring its waveform using the oscilloscope.

---

You're overlooking two other
system components, the source and receiving batteries.

There is a specific relationship
between the source battery and the motor, and also between
the motor and the receiving battery.

The only real way to determine
what's going on is to measure the REAL POWER that you can
draw from the receiving battery VS the charge state of the
primary. Then continue charging and repeat, over and over.
This is just like what was done by the TUV testing labs on
Bedini's prototype.

That's the only set of
measurements that really count, in the end.

Measuring the other items you've
mentioned will mostly serve to confuse due to certain
anomolous behavior in the source/motor/receiver process.

But, as always, feel free to slap
on the meters.

---

The power going into the
receiving battery has to go through the output capacitor.
Determine that power and you've put a limit on the power
into the receiving battery. There is no other route for
energy to get into the receiving battery.  Otherwise
get rid of the capacitor and the wires to the battery. 
Let the energy flow through the ether or hyperspace or
whatever. The device exists in our space and can be tested
in our space.   
GeoM

---

Most electrically "educated"
people have a very rigid set of preconceived notions when it
comes to understanding various circuit behaviors. I can
charge any kind of battery that I want, with a simple
capacitor discharge system, mechanical or electronic. Still,
I have met with much resistance from many "learned" people
along the way, most of them INSISTING that IT WON'T WORK, in
one way or another. It really doesn't matter since I'm just
sharing my observations from my hobby experiments.

 As for measuring the motor,
I'm only telling you what I see happening, like it or not.

The relationship between the
motor, the capacitor and the batteries is not as simple as
you might, at first, assume.

Casting aspersions about dabbling
with "hyperspace" won't answer your measurement questions.

Slapping meters and resistors all
over the thing might offer some insight into HOW it works
and whether or not it's tuned properly. But, the BEST and
MOST EFFECTIVE way to measure the input vs. output is to run
the motor and do your final empirical testing by measuring
real wattage available from the receiving battery vs charge
dissipation in the primary battery. That's all I'm saying.

 By all means, measure
everything. After all, there's no reason not to.

 While you're at it, make
sure you also do some mechanical loading tests in parallel
with the power in/out tests. Even more interesting stuff
crops up.

---

How much power ends up in the
battery?

 Just hook up a simple load
(perhaps a 20 watt lamp), a precision resistor, measure the
voltage drop, and time the whole thing until the battery is
discharged.

Replace the battery on the motor,
recharge, and repeat.

More on anomolous behaviour:
http://www.amasci.com/tesla/tesceive.html

It's mighty fun to play with - at
any rate at the very least I now have a pretty efficient DC
motor on my desk....

Having fun,

Ted.

---

That link is interesting. The
concept of an EM absorption field in relation to the Bedini
motor is even more interesting when you consider what's on
this link...

http://www.stormwise.com/striking.htm

This is steady EM power
transmission via nature's own processes. Seems like it's
just beggin' to be "received".

---

Hi Charged,

Kinda what I was thinking. I made
that comment the other day about holding a small neo magnet
near the motor when it's running. It almost vibrates right
out of your hand - up to a foot away. That's one
illustration that there's a field built around it when it's
running. It will be interesting to carry on with testing...

Ted.

---

I took a look at the site. 
No violation of conservation of energy or charge or mass
there. Also the author uses normal devices and their
characteristics. Measurements are implied.

In my original posting I said
nothing about the magneto-mechanical aspects. The "motor"
may act as a "tuned" "circuit" for all I know. My concern
was with the capacitor and the power output. Since form
follows function, the role of the capacitor appears to be
temporary storage of energy. There is no indication that it
is involved in the energy conversion process. That is done
by the magnetic components.  Hence the method I
outlined should allow relatively straightforward
determination of the output power. I noticed that at least
one person building these things has an oscilloscope. It
would be interesting to see what he finds.

Beyond this, if these Bedini
Devices really are capturing energy, it behooves us to find
out what the source is. If millions of these are built, it
wouldn't be nice to find out that the earth's magnetic field
is collapsing or its spin rate is slowing down or its orbit
is decaying.  There are a lot of potential sources of
energy out there. We don't want to mess up any critical
balances. If it comes from the solar wind or the expansion
of the universe then maybe "Who cares". If it comes from the
60 cycle power distribution system then Tesla's dream of
broadcast power is realized and we get a whole new set of
rules, but also possibilities.

 Just because something is
anomalous doesn't mean it can't be studied or measured. The
people who discovered that they could cause a spark in a
coil at a distance certainly had an anomalous
situation.  Look where it led. I reject the notion that
something mysterious is happening between the output
capacitor and the batteries.   
GeoM

---

It's interesting stuff....

and lots of it's a bit over my
head.   
But to me, it seems very simple. If any of these systems
(Bedini Motors etc) are actually "capturing" some mysterious
outside form of energy... then why is it that we have yet to
see a motor that "runs" by itself? I realize there are LOTS
of folks who make the claim that this has been done.... I
remain highly skeptical till I see it with my own eyes
though.

On a different note...   
Often when I see claims of overunity type motors and that
"sort of thing" I jump to the pre-judgment that whoever is
making the claims is either a con artist, or... doesn't know
what they're talking about. I looked a bit into Bedini's
webpages and career... and being a "vintage hi-fi"
enthusiast, I was quite impressed by the really nice audio
amplifiers he designed and manufactured. It appears they are
possibly still manufacturing hi-end "vintage style" tube
amplifiers!

---

According to Bearden, the
electrical energy that's powering everything around you is
ALREADY a 1:1 release of "vacuum energy" (zpe, radiant,
etc...).

In other words, we're burning up
fossil fuels to FORCE the capture of this energy in heating
elements, lamps, batteries, etc...   
This is what he means about allowing the captured energy
(working power) to also destroy the dipole (generator charge
separation). This then requires more physical input to drive
the generator to produce more charge separation to keep the
ZPE release going to power your load.

So if drawing ZPE is going to
slow down the planet or something, it's already happening
every time you make french toast. I'm more interested in
finding ways not to have to choke on noxious fumes from
expensive fuels.

Anyway, the Earth's magnetic
field is almost zero at this point in time, so what would it
matter? ;)

---

Bearden's idea sounds a little
like the negative energy accelerating the expansion of the
universe that astronomers have come up with. I prefer to
stick with Beaty's ideas which show no contradiction with
established knowledge.

It struck me that the Bedini
Device has a basic similarity with an atom. The electrons in
an atom are moving in circles around the atom. The magnetic
poles are also moving in circles. In both cases time varying
electromagnetic fields will exist around the
structures.  These fields could interact with existing
electromagnetic waves in the surrounding medium out to
sizable distances. So the Bedini device could conceivably
act as a collector of energy. But it's not then doing
anything really mysterious. This leads to the further
consideration: The most likely source of collected energy
would be the 60 cycle energy that pervades our environment.
This leads to some ideas for experimentation.

At 60 hz a wavelength is 3100
miles. For a Bedini device to be scaled at the same size as
an atom it would have to have a wheel diameter of about 3000
feet. Okay, not too practical. One could instead build a
power system running at 60,000 hz with a three foot wheel.
This could be done on a small scale.

Another question involves
interactions between Bedini devices.  If each unit has
a magnetic footprint out to large distances will two close
units interact, and how. How close is close?

Also, a Bedini device may have a
best frequency (greatest output power). At what frequency
does this occur? Adjust the rpms while monitoring the power
output by the method that I suggested.

Finally, by this analysis it
should be possible to have the device function without a
battery on the input by looping the output back in some
manner.

If Bedini wants to sell a large
number of these devices all he has to do is start a rumor
that they rob power from the power companies. They'd sell
like hotcakes.   
GeoM

---

Things are only mysterious until
they are properly investigated. I suppose that curiousity is
why I built one of these things.

From what I've seen so far there
are two things going on here - one is the EMF energy
collection thing, and the other is the charging of the
second battery. There may be something there in pulse
charging vs. regular 'brute force' as Tom W called it.
There's posts in lots of locations on the board about that
subject.

About the frequency of operation
- you're right it does bear investigation. The main current
consumer is the driving circuit. If a load is attached to
the spinning wheel, the current consumption actually goes
down substantially. My unit spins at about 2,900 rpm
unloaded, and uses about 280 MA off the powering battery. I
have tried a 5" diameter x 2" high squirrel cage blower
wheel mounted directly to the Bedini rotor. That fan slows
the motor down to about 1,000 RPM and the current draw for
the driving circuit drops to around 90 MA.

I have the secondary stage of
this unit set up with a 555 timer and rheostat pulsing
circuit so the cap can be pulsed into the battery at lower
voltage and faster pulses, or higher voltage (per pulse) and
lower frequencies. There is a sort of sweet spot where you
can adjust the pulse frequency and actually watch the
voltage measured across the battery under charge rise.

So far I can tell you that the
voltage measured across the battery under charge rises to
about 15 volts after the motor has been running for 10
minutes or so. It doesn't seem to make much difference
whether the fan is attached to the motor or not.

More investigation and trials are
needed. I'd really encourage anybody who's the least bit
interested to build one of these things and start observing
and testing. It only took me about 4 hours to build mine,
mostly out of parts in the electronic junk drawer.

Lots of fun in any case...

Ted.

---

  
  
**BATTERY TEST FOR THE BEDINI MOTOR
GENERATOR**   
**(Unidentified internet source)**

DATE : OCTOBER
13, 2000

**BATTERY TEST
SEQUENCE:**

One lead acid
gel-cell (12 volts, 450 milliamps) is being utilized as the
primary source fully charged at 12.5 volts

Three (3) lead acid gel-cell
batteries (12 volt, 450 milliamps) strapped in parallel are
being used as the charge destination. The batteries are
discharged to 10 volts for the test purposes.

Test #1 starts at 10:45 AM
utilizing primary battery fully charged at 12.5 volts
charging three (3) destination batteries paralleled. The
destination batteries reach a charge capacity of 14 volts at
11:20 AM.

The destination batteries are
then discharged to 10 volts under working load to prepare
for Test #2.

Test #2 starts at 11:25 AM
utilizing primary battery measured at 11.5 volts. Charging
three (3) destination batteries paralleled. The destination
batteries reach a charge capacity of 14 volts at 12:50 PM.

The destination batteries are
then discharged to 10 volts under working load to prepare
for Test #3.

Test #3 starts at 1:00 PM
utilizing primary battery measured at 10.5 volts. Charging
three (3) destination batteries paralleled. The destination
batteries reach a charge capacity of 14 volts at 1:40 PM.

The destination batteries are
then discharged to 10 volts under working load to prepare
for Test #4.

Test #4 starts at 2:05 PM
utilizing primary battery measured at 9.5 volts. Charging
three (3) destination batteries paralleled. The destination
batteries reach a charge capacity of 13 volts at 2:40 PM.
The primary battery is now discharged to 9 volts under
working load and unable to further run the

Bedini motor generator.

**TOTAL BATTERIES CHARGED:**

12 lead acid
gel-cell batteries (12 volts, 450 milliamps each). This
ratio is a 12 to 1 charging factor. The motor operation
(work) being performed as this was done is not included as
an additional factor in this test.

![](battest.gif)

---

  
**www.peswiki.com**

**"School Girl" Science Fair Bedini
Motor Replication**

![](schgrlmtr.jpg)

**Bedini's original model, September 2004**

"The School Girl Radiant Energy
Circuit and Motor is the most basic rendition of a patented
circuit developed by John Bedini and researched by Dr. Peter
A. Lindemann, based on the technology of Nikola Tesla, with
follow-up work by Edwin Gray, Moray, and others. Bedini has
done away with the need for a discharge gap. This "School
Girl (Simplified)" design is the most basic presentation of
the Bedini system. The circuit is run by an input battery,
and charges an ouput battery, while turning a wheel, lined
with magnets, that service to create a flux in the coils.
There are some unusual characteristics observed in the
process.

"*Operation ~* The motor has
to be started by an external push, after which it turns on
its own from the firing of the coil electromagnet. It
gradually increases in speeds until it reaches an optimum at
around 300 rpm. Applying load to the wheel results in lower
amperage going from the input battery because it is
dependant on the rate of firing only.

"*Features ~* Simple design.
Inexpensive. Charger device whose oetput is friedly to
batteries. Doesn't heat them, but actually refurbishes them.
Charging takes less energy input by far than what is
normally required, implicating Radiant (or whatever name is
most suitable) energy infusion in the process. "

**Assembly Notes ~**

The Frame Stand needs to be
non-magnetic, and mechanically stable front-to-back and
left-to-right. The gap between the coil spool and wheel with
magnets affixed (super-glue and tape) should be 1/8 inch.
The gap should be variable for experimental purposes.

Determine the "North" end of the
magnets with a compass, and label it. The "north" end of a
compass needle will be attracted to the "south" pole of the
magnet. All the magnets are mounted with the North pole
facing out, toward the coil.

Equal-distance spacing of the
magnets on the wheel's perimeter is not critical with one
coil. There is a limiting minimum distance, but not a
maximum. Spacing need not be uniform.  If you plan to
add more coils --- with a separate circuit for each coil ---
spacing must be symmetrical for proper firing. Do not space
the magnets closer apart than 1.5 to 2 widths.

Coils are loosley wound with
approximately 450 turns. The two wires on the coil are wound
together. The number of turns is not critical, but an
accurate count is necessary for proper scientific recording.

**Miscellaneous Tips &
Precautions ~**

Spacing of the magnets on the
wheel's perimeter is not critical with one coil. There is a
imiting minimum distance, but not a maximum. Spacing need
not be uniform.

Do not draw power from the
battery while it is being charged. Charge one bank of
batteries, and discharge another bank, switching between
them.

This design can shock, though not
dangerously.

If the neon bulb is not in place,
The transistor will burn out if the neon bulb is not
installed, and if the device is run without a receiver-load
(battery) for the radiant energy. The neon bulb serves as a
"shock absorber" for excess output energy.

**Circuit Diagram (Drawn by Bedini)** >>![](schematic.gif)

B = Base   
C = Collector   
E = Emitter   
R1 = 680 Ohms resistor   
D1 = 1N4001 Diode   
D2 = 1N4007 Diode   
B1 = Run Battery   
B2 = Charge Battery   
    
    

**Analogous Circuit >>**![](analog1.jpg)

**Numbered Analogous Circuit >>**![](analog2.jpg)

Key ~

1 --- Solder junction (insulated
base [same for 2,3,4]) joining (a) wire coming from (+)
battery "in" and (b) #20 magnetic wire to coil and then to
collector   
2 --- Solder junction joining (a) wire coming from (-)
battery "in" and (b) emitter and (c) Diode 1N4001 and (e)
#23 magnetic wire going to coil then resistor then base.   
3 --- Resistor 680 Ohms, between (a) Base/Diode1N4001 and
(b) #23 magnet wire going to coil then collector.   
4 --- Solder junction joining (a) diode {19} (1N4007) and
(b) wire to battery receiving charge.   
5 --- Insulated wire coming from (+) battery "in"   
6 --- #20 magnetic wire from (+) battery "in" to coil and
then to collector   
7 --- Insulated wire coming from (-) battery "in"   
8 --- #23 magnet wire coming from emitter to coil to
resistor.   
9 --- Wire connecting 1N4001 diode to junction {2}   
10 --- Transistor emitter, connected to junction {2}   
12 --- Wire connecting 1N4001 diode to (a) base and (b)
resistor {3}.   
13 --- Transistor base: connected to resistor and diode
1N4001   
14 --- Resistor connected to #23 magnet wire going to coil
then to emitter.   
15 --- from resistor to #23 magnet wire to coil to emitter   
16 --- #20 magnet wire (per Bedini SG specs) from
transistor's "collector" lead   
17 --- connection of transistor's "collector" lead to wire
to Diode 19 and to #20 magnet wire 16 to coil to input
battery's positive lead   
18 --- wire from transistor's "collector" lead to Diode 19   
19 --- 1N4007 Diode 1000V   
20 --- Insulated wire to positive terminal of battery
receiving charge   
21 --- Transistor (Different one in this photo than is
called in these plans)   
22 --- Aluminum plate heat sink   
23 --- Neon bulb, between collector and emitter. (not shown
in picture, nor schematic, but that is where it goes, and
that is where it is situated on the school girl simplified
demonstrated in Bedini's shop).

**Transistor 2N3055 >>**![](2n3055.gif)

---

**http://www.youtube.com/results?search\_query=Bedini&suggested\_categories=28%2C26%2C27&page=7**

**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nA2KtZ45nXA**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZU10XJn67ao**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M\_f4cXKjybI**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uHh5AqQ4\_xw**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6mKOL0JGUxw**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yi7cmUpMdX8**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g9ARja0DiT0**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hnHDRjO7BGE**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wSGnZPZpR\_I**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zJySgeSpJpQ**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/view\_play\_list?p=45FBDDAB0F0642B7&playnext=1&playnext\_from=PL&v=mOGjLDU2lX8**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/view\_play\_list?p=45FBDDAB0F0642B7&playnext=1&playnext\_from=PL&v=2hUSGB0dbK8**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/view\_play\_list?p=45FBDDAB0F0642B7&playnext=1&playnext\_from=PL&v=yi7cmUpMdX8**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nlO8UDsc-Fc**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8oapvf7wVtw**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eDS9qk-Nw4M**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/view\_play\_list?p=BFDE1E217BCB7D90&playnext=1&playnext\_from=PL&v=g9ARja0DiT0**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/view\_play\_list?p=BFDE1E217BCB7D90&playnext=1&playnext\_from=PL&v=N2ZKDytQKnM**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/view\_play\_list?p=BFDE1E217BCB7D90&playnext=1&playnext\_from=PL&v=zJySgeSpJpQ**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CVa2s93SouU**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1oXRhyulQ9c**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B-Mi90gEdSE**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JJillOTsmrM**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qn2aZchRReo**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jG4nU1cimZ4&feature=fvsr**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jU5qZqImOVM&feature=fvsr**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KfdcwjqKebQ&feature=fvsr**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ayHOXmRDGuo&feature=fvsr**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6CUz00uVuhE&feature=fvsr**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mOGjLDU2lX8**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vy9nIg6kBWQ**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GPet3K6Ujb4**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=67QJOn39FqU**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mpGJvN08GsU**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4lpWJpLj2ZM**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w6qEZZ165i0**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yDtXR\_1Ubs8**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5f69vjd8Pjs**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HbWR8Y999cM**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3YN6h2Qgv0o**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qofqi9dMqwE**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8RsFMyZbj1I**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sGVvdfdHs\_g**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0U20V7Kh\_kc**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gU\_-1Q0QGwQ**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4P1zr58MVfI**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qwbz\_YAAnRo**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k2a0YFGdRBM**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZrN1lG274k4**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dDXM23NDarQ**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3pK5kVHjYoU**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gazAa7XBp6w**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RCIjIMDsGVs**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qImkQg2CupI**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I-4-K94Dsb4**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-2gvjzyFG5Q**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iTZfyQlPWug**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=y\_E39pmoFN4**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YsobVuzUSiE**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ce1wiMfEnpM**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sSc-dPSl3Uc**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TSYxBwjrGv4**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2hUSGB0dbK8**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bDm3s0Jvl0k**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EsKlUV-MkPE**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Tb2-ka6T3Zk**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qImkQg2CupI**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V354l\_\_dfps**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0U20V7Kh\_kc**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GuTrmgTpQkE**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iTG2U8e6Mdo**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sfb2gYm-\_YM**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qwbz\_YAAnRo**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hQBCwks5P\_I**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kNHRe6xy0QQ**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6W9DLQuYV10**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZitkVFG6Qj8**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3RugNE6VxjE**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5hWBihg\_Oi8**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WXWAQ3zTZNw**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gD5\_dORsmcI**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fg4QlVjOnvQ**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IwSUh8A5UIM**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l0r9x8cBOrI**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AUdrEhFxOM0**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GTjglYb9H3A**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=glBlOTDxn44**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oVJF4iDUBvk**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HIvA4uo72wE**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tXALKcR1ORM**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QGprVym7abM**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eiLm3urmLXM**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jplGJ\_cH6pQ**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Ej11pclxWw**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xFDREWe4niE**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WcsYhbA74VM**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eiLm3urmLXM**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vcYAMloddZU**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9oeSebSLWq0**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kXSOLcQlOew**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XuVtKYfSDI8**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Y62-5aSiKo**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=appORnbTIrc**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S3XjBXIgmxY**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zfIOE5YXQRs**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TSRBbyqBrUg**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=avvX4yAyS1s**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lHXt5mwcvl0**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zdtcoJEtDqQ**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qYfAzIytEJ8**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UVpqAVhgNAo**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j-fETLsRiJg**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Oclt8RXJBFg**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ajtYT-40nZM**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0FG3alMA6vU**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wt8Ut2maA8M**  
  
**http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LhdvLNvE5RY**  
  
 **&c...**

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