John Christie & Ludwig Brits: System for Controlling a
Rotary Device

![](0logo.gif) **[rexresearch.com](../index.htm)**

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**John CHRISTIE & Lou BRITS**

**System
for Controlling a Rotary Device**

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***[The Cairns Post](#CP1)***(3-8-01)
  
**[The
Inventors](#inventors)**   
**[How It
Works](#how)**   
**[Lutec
Skeptics Challenged](#challenge)**   
***[Lutec
Newsletter](#newletter1)*** (Vol. 1(1), February 2002)   
**[WIPO
Application # WO 00/28656](#patent)**   
**[Adams
vs Lutec](#adams)**   
**[Rosenthal
Measurements](#rosenthal)**

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**"New
Magnetic-Electric Device Offers Near Free Energy
Source"**   
  
by

**Penny Robins**
  
*The
Cairns Post* (Northern Queensland, NZ ~ 3-8-01)

Two Cairns
inventors yesterday unveiled a world first commercial
machine which can power a house from a permanent, clean,
green and virtually free energy source. The machine,
developed by Brinsmead mechanical engineer John Christie and
Edge Hil electrician Lou Brits, has an international patent
pending and is expected to go on the market for $4000-$5000.

Relying on
the attraction and repulsion of internal magnets, the Lutec
1000 operates continually on a pulse-like current 24 hours a
day - producing 24 kilowatts of power - once it is
kickstarted from a battery source. The device is more than
500 per cent efficient, compared to a car which is less than
40 per cent efficient and loses power through heat and
friction. No powerlines would be needed to distribute energy
from the individual power sources. There is no heat, harmful
emissions or airborne matter in the transmission. If it were
not for the magnets, which have a life of 1300 years, and
the battery pack, which has a life of about five years, the
machine would be in perpetual motion.

A
demonstration of the motor from the carpeted study of Mr
Christie's Brinsmead home revealed the device in all its
glory - bigger than the average cyclone back-up generator
but much less noisy. M Christie and Mr Brits have been
tinkering together on the motor in their spare time since
they met in a Sheridan St cafe five years ago and began
sharing ideas. One and a half years ago, the design was
perfected and the pair lodged a patent with Brisbane patent
attorneys Griffith Hack. Mr Christie said the next step was
to develop a small-scale pilot plant in Cairns to begin
distributing the motors to the places they were needed most
- such as shops and homes in the power-starved Daintree
region and the Torres Strait. He said the price tag for the
devices could vary in remote locations depending on
government rebates, freight and installation costs.

The beauty of
the device was that it was transportable and could be packed
in a removalist van along with other earthly possessions
when moving house, he said The only problem the pair now
face is in raising $500,000 to start their production plant.
"We're trying to keep it local, and trying to keep it in
Australia, but it's hard because, offshore, they are more
aggressive in taking up new initiatives," Mr Christie said.

Already, the
invention has received interest from the United States,
China, Japan and Indonesia. "But we want to set up here and
put the product on the market first, and then we'll take it
to the world," he said. Mr Christie said it had been hard to
keep a lid on the invention which had such a huge potential
in the quest for clean, green, energy production. He said he
and Mr Brit also feared the worst once they realised the
significance of their invention. "We were afraid the kids
would be kidnapped or we'd be shot, I'm not kidding," he
said. "You hear horror stories about people running up
against fuel companies, but it's all hogwash --- people in
the main are desperately looking for technologies that will
help our environment."

The pair have
begun discussions with Ergon [ the local electricity
supplier utility] as there is also the opportunity of
selling energy back to the grid. Mr Christie said the
average home with a pool needed only 14kW of energy per day
- which meant a 10 kW daily excess would be left over during
the generation process

Griffith Hack
partner Cliff Carew, who was speaking from Brisbane,
confirmed the device was genuine and unique. "An
international application has been lodged, they've conducted
an international search and haven't come up with anything
similar, so it would seem to be a new concept," Mr Carew
said. He said it would be another two and a half years
before the patent was recognised in 140 countries around the
world - the usual length of time for an international patent
to be processed.

![](christie.gif)

**Lou Brits (left) and
John Christie**

---

#### *The Cairns Post* **~ Two Cairns inventors who say they have developed a radical new energy generating machine have been swamped with inquiries over the past 24 hours since going public with their discovery.**

One Cairns
businessman already has offered a substantial sum of money
to bankroll the establishment of a factory to produce the
new generator.

He was among
a crowd of curious Far Northerners who rushed to contact
Edge Hill electrician Lou Brits and Brinsmead mechanical
enginner John Christie once news of their invention broke in
the Cairns Post yesterday.   
Investors, people with
scientific backgrounds and those who were keen to buy one of
the new Lutec 1000 machines to power their homes swamped the
Cairns Post and the two inventors, who work from home, with
their calls. The generator is capable of producing 24
kilowatts of energy per day and is powered by the
alternating attraction and repulsion of internal magnets
once it is kickstarted from a battery source.

It has more
than twice enough energy to power the average family home,
while remaining free from heat, emissions or airborne
matter. Mr. Christie said he and Mr. Brits realised their
invention "flew in the face of physics" by being 500 per
cent efficient - but it worked.

"The phone
hasn't stopped ringing." Mr. Christie said yesterday
afternoon. We've had calls from the Daintree - people
wanting to place orders and buy them. We're happy about that
but, really, we're not in the position to take orders."

Mr. Christie
said he began receiving phone calls from 7:30AM yesterday
(when the story was first reported).

Mr. Christie
said people begain arriving unannounced on his doorstep from
8:30AM.

He said two
people he had never met before had even needed to be ushered
out of the room just after 9AM when he went on air for a
radio interview.

An
international patent is pending on the invention and the two
men already have received interest from overseas.

But Mr. Brits
and Mr. Christie say they are keen to setup a production
plant in Cairns to produce the machines on a small scale to
power homes in remote areas of Queensland like the Daintree
region and in the Torres Strait.

Cairns
businessman Alex Roma yesterday said he was prepared to help
bankroll the production plant as it was an opportunity to
expand industry in the Far North.

Ahead of
meeting the two inventors late yesterday, Mr. Roma said if
their invention stacked up, he was prepared to up up "a
large sum" to help make the local production plant a
reality.

"Looking at
this, it's fantastic," he said. "I've always said Cairns
needs a boost in industry - it's one thing Cairns is
lacking. We'd employ local people and produce something we
could export apart from sugar cane and seafood."

Mr. Roma said
an opportunity existed to produce locally not just the
machines but all of the accompanying components.

Member for
Leichhardt Warren Entsch lent his support to the proposal to
develop a plant to manufacture the clean, green power
generators in Cairns.

Ergon Energy
spokeswoman Sara Collins said discussions were ongoing with
the inventors, who hope to sell excess power back to the
grid.

---

![](magen.jpg)

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**The Inventors**   
  **www.lutec.com.au**

![](1chrbrits.gif)

**John
Christie** (left) is the co-founder, CEO and chairman of
Lutec (Aust.) Pty Ltd.   
Education: Auckland
Technical Institute, Mechanical Engineer.

He has a vast
experience in operating small businesses, is on the boards
of FNQ Outreach Limited and Trinity Care Association, and is
a director of Technology Trading International Pty., Ltd.

His business
history includes introducing light steel framed building
systems into North Qld., Co-Designing and patenting a new
light steel frame construction system subsequently sold to
the US.

He
co-designed, developed, and made patent application for a
new form of wind turbine.

He was
Managing Director of Tarinfile Pty., Ltd., the owner of True
Blue Sheds a successful North Qld company specialising in
manufacturing, marketing and selling steel framed farm
buildings, and low cost housing mainly to rural and remote
communities.

He has also
held middle management positions with the Australian
Broadcasting Commission.

**Ludwig
(Lou) Brits** (right, above) is the co-founder, managing
director and head of development of Lutec (Aust.) Pty., Ltd.

He is
Chairman and director of TTI Pty., Ltd. TTI Pty Ltd is a
state government recognised R.A.P. (remote area power)
system provider.

Education:
Mechanical and electrical engineering and trade certificates
(Europe).

Mr Brits has
had a varied international career including running hydro
electric power stations, designing and manufacturing various
electrical components for power stations. Maintaining power
stations.

He is an
inventor of many and varied objects and products including a
wind powered turbine system, electronic health care
products, water treatment systems, and hydro/organic
fertilizing/pest control products.

He has a
wealth of talent and inventive genius, and is well regarded
and highly respected by those he works with.

---

**Lutec
Pty., Ltd: "How It Works"**   
**www.lutec.com.au**

We have never
said there is an "endless" source of energy emanating from
magnets. We have said that the magnets we use in the Lutec
1000 are able to maintain their magnetic qualities for over
twelve hundred years. That is a long time when gauged by
human life expectancy, but is not forever. We welcome
informed opinion, and to that end have sought out the
highest qualified people in Australia and the United States
of America to review our work.

The Lutec
1000 only baffles those who misinterpret the actions taking
place within it as being outside common scientific
principles and laws, where in fact it certainly is not. We
will try to make a simple explanation to demonstrate what
motivates the Lutec 1000 motor/ generator:

Lets say we
hang a ten kilo weight off a permanent magnet butted to a
steel roofing beam, and that the only thing holding the
permanent magnet to the steel beam is the magnetism. Now
lets do the same thing, but this time with an
electro-magnet which requires a constant electrical input to
maintain its magnetic qualities.

Lets say we
leave them both there for ten years"

They will
both perform the same task, that of holding the ten kilos
off the floor. The electro-magnet, however, has needed to be
fuelled by electricity provided by a generator of some kind
- it could be hydro, nuclear, wind, solar, coal or oil - and
has cost a large amount in terms of energy. Much work (in
the scientific sense) has been done to provide the constant
electric current necessary to maintain its magnetic hold on
the steel girder.

Now take
notice, the permanent magnet has not needed to be energised
by an external source, it has done the job for free" using
only the magnetism it contains to perform the same job. The
clue here is in the title of "permanent" magnet.

That same
principle is one of the reasons the Lutec 1000 motor turns,
it is of course the spinning of the centre core of the motor
which is caused by the permanent magnets being attracted and
then repulsed from the steel cores of the fixed stator
coils. It is this primary movement that allows the magnetic
fields around the stator coils to be "cut" by the effect of
the permanent magnets sweeping past the steel cores of the
coils.

Note that we
have achieved two effects from one cause, thus inducing an
electric current per Mr Faradays theory, and so generating
electricity as an output or product of the motors motion.
The only electricity consumed has been that required to
temporarily charge the coils and so creating a temporary
magnet of like polarity to cause the permanent magnet to be
repulsed rather than attracted.

There are a
couple of other major factors that we wont go into here,
suffice it to say that our current prototype demonstrates
1500% more "out" than "in"...

For the
technically-minded, the following formula is used to
determine consumption of input power:

If the
waveforms are periodic with constant rotational speed of the
machine and constant mechanical load on the output, then a
calculation of energy usage over one full rotational cycle
should suffice. Along with all previous assumptions
remaining valid, the formula then becomes:

![](1formula.gif)

(where W(T)
represents the net energy usage in joules over one period
T).

---

**Lutec
Skeptics Challenged**   
(Unidentified source)

Inventors of
the controversial Lutec fuel-free energy generator have
thrown off the machine's cover and invited sceptics to air
their doubts when the generator is publicly displayed later
this year.

The Lutec
1000 has been refined and redeveloped for the sixth time and
inventors Lou Brits and John Christie say the machine is
almost ready for release. They are also inviting qualified
electricians to personally contact them about becoming
licensed installers for the Cairnes area.

The sixth
generation Lutec 1000 now stands one metre tall (in an
upright position) and has a steel frame which has allowed
the inventors to attach more magnets closer to the drum to
increase the power generation capacity.

Mr. Christie
said the 'switches' used to supply the energy into the
drum-shaped machine were also becoming smaller and more
compact.

The new-look
Lutec should be completed by the end of the month and the
inventors hope to display all six generations of the machine
at the Hilton Hotel later this year.

While Mr.
Christie is eager to silence the critics with a public
demonstration, he must wait for international agreements to
be finalized.

However, he
did invite the 'doubters' to see the machine work in person,
saying patents were now pending in more than 100 countries,
and he could provide detailed information of experts who
could verify their work.

'They are
welcome to contact us and we will give them the names of
experts who have assessed the machine, but who's going to
pay the experts, who are paid more than $US90 an hour, to
sit down and explain it to them - because we're not,' Mr.
Christie said.

'We don't
mind people criticising the machine, but no one who has come
to see the motor has gone away still believing it would not
work.'

Mr. Brits
said the crux of the disbelief centred around the perception
that the Lutec 1000 created energy - an assumption which was
essentially flawed.

'They are not
taking into account the combination of the capabilities of
permanent magnets and the effects on the incoming current
caused by the induction of a greater current caused within
the motor,' he said.

'All people
see is the amount of energy we are putting in and more
coming out. They then wrongly assume that we are creating
energy.'

The core of
the Lutec 1000 spins as the magnets - spaced alternately
around the drum - are attracted then repulsed (using a small
electrical circuit) to steel cores which are off-set above
the centre down.

Mr. Brits
said the machine released the energy stored in the magnets
and anyone who doubted the 'stored energy' should try
holding a piece of steel off the ground for an extended
period.

'In the same
way as a person holding a weight uses energy while they are
not moving, a magnet uses energy to attract and hold a piece
of steel,' he said.

'And it's
absolute nonsense that a magnet can only be used on once.
Everybody knows if you take a fridge magnet off the fridge
and put a new piece of paper under it, it still sticks as
good as new.'

A recent
demonstration showed the inventors were modest in claiming a
400 per cent increase in energy output, with the Lutec 1000
lighting up six light bulbs (360 watts) with an input of
just 42 watts.

Mr. Brits
admitted the magnets would run out of 'energy', in
approximately 1300 years, but could be recharged with an
electrical current.

Mr. Christie
said he and Mr. Brits had recently been approached by a
company whowere interested in adapting the Lutec to power
machines used in space exploration and he believed
eventually the generator could be used in motor operated
appliances.

The
Environmental Protection Agency had also assessed the
machine with the intention of giving inertial household
users rebates or 'green house credits'.

He said the
size and capability of the machine could be changed to suit
the need and envisioned a household full of Lutec 1000's.

'Things like
your fan could have a Lutec motor and the excess energy
created could go back into a household battery to run static
appliances like your television.

'It is
certainly possible that it could remove a household from the
power grid completely.'

For more
information visit the website at:

**http://www.lutec.com.au**

---

***Lutec
Newsletter***   
Vol. 1(1), February 2002
  
( Source: **www.keelynet.com**)

It has been
almost a year since many of you first registered your
interest in the Lutec technology phenomenon. We apologize
for the long delay in preparing this much awaited
newsletter. We can only say that we share your frustrations
as the past year has been mainly spent trying to source
venture capital to get the Lutec revolution underway.

Sadly, we
have to report that it is almost impossible to obtain
financial support for a "green fields" technology based on
new technology in Australia.

However, the
year has not been wasted by any means. Lou and John have
continued development of the Lutec 1000. The solid state
switching has been designed, built, tested and installed
onto the machine with the results to output exceeding
expectations. The machine itself has also undergone a number
of design refinements which ahve all added to improved
efficiency.

Finally I can
report that the manufacture of these generators has been
awarded to a Cairns electrical manufacturer with prodcution
expected to start by the end of this financial year.
Initially the rate of production will be limited to only 10
per month, but we expect to increase this to 250 per month
as demand and capital allow.

We hope to
have one of the new Lutec 1000 electrical generators on
permanent public display commencing from the end of April.

For those of
you waiting for the opportunity to acquire one of these
electrical generators, please act quickly as weexpect demand
to far outweigh supply and the waiting period for delivery
may be as much as 6 months.

Fortunately
the international interest in this new revolutionary
technology far exceeds the apathetic approach shown by
Australian entrepreneurs.

We can now
report that a licensing agreement is now in place for the
manufacture and sale of the Lutec technology within America.

Negotiations
for the rights to Southeast Asia and Europe are ongoing with
a number of interested companies and we expect these to be
finalized by the end of 2002.

It is only
this interest which has allowed Lutec Australia to commence
operations.

---

**( Equivalent: US Patent # 6, 620,806 issued
October 7, 2003 )**

**A
System for Controlling a Rotary Device**

**World
Intellectual Property Organization**   
**International
Application # WO 00/28656**   
Publication Date: 18 May
2000   
International Application #
PCT/AU99/00962

Applicants
& Inventors:

**BRITS,
Ludwig** (3/13 Springfield Crescent, Whitfield, Cairns,
QLD 4870 Australia)   
**CHRISTIE, Victor John**
(7/34 Springfield Crescent, Whitfield, Cairns, QLD 4870
Australia)

Agent:
Griffith Hack, GPO Box 3125,Briscbane, QLD 4001, Australia

**Abstract
---** A system for controlling a rotatable device, the
system comprising a controller and a rotary device, which
has a stator and rotor, wherein the controller is connected
to the rotary device to control rotation of the rotary
device, and wherein the controller is adapted to
periodically energize at least one energizing coil of the
device to create a magnetic field of a polarity which
induces the rotor to rotate in a single direction and
wherein the controller is switched off so as to de-energize
the energizing coil when other forces, being forces other
than those resulting from the energized energizing coil,
produce a resultant force which induces rotation of the
rotor in the single direction.

**Field of
Invention**

The present
invention relates to motors which are used for generating a
torque and generators used for generating electricity.

**Background
of the Invention**

A typical
electric motor consists of a stator and rotor.

The operation
of an electric motor is based on the principal that an
electric current through a conductor produces a magnetic
field, the direction of current in an electromagnet such as
a coil of wire determines the location of the magnet poles
and like magnetic poles repel and opposite poles attract.

The stator
which is typically called the field structure establishes a
constant magnetic field in the motor.

Typically the
magnetic field is established by permanent magnets which are
called field magnets and located at equally spaced intervals
around the rotor.

The rotor or
armature typically consists of a series of equally spaced
coils which are able to be energized to produce a magnetic
field and thus north or south poles.

By keeping
the coils energized the interacting magnetic fields of the
rotor and the stator produce rotation of the rotor.

To ensure
that rotation occurs in a single direction a commutator is
typically connected to the windings of the coils of the
rotor so as to change the direction of the current applied
to the coils.

If the
direction of the current was not reversed the rotor would
rotate in one direction and then reverse its direction
before a full cycle of rotation could be completed.

The above
description typifies a DC motor. AC motors do not have
commutators because alternating current reverses its
direction independently.

For a typical
AC motor such as an induction motor the rotor has no direct
connection to the external source of electricity.
Alternating current flows around field cols in the stator
and produces a rotating magnetic field. This rotating
magnetic field induces an electric current in the rotor
resulting in another magnetic field.

This induced
magnetic field from the rotor interacts with the magnetic
field from the stator causing the rotor to turn.

An electric
generator is effectively the reverse of an electric motor.
Instead of supplying electricity to coils of either the
stator or the rotor, the rotor or armature is rotated by
physical forces produced by a prime mover.

In effect a
generator changes mechanical energy into electrical energy.

**Summary of
the Invention**

The present
invention is aimed at providing an improved rotary device
which operates with improved efficiency compared to
conventional rotary devices.

The present
invention is also concerned with providing a system for
controlling a rotary device which is able to generate
electrical and/or mechanical energy.

According to
the present invention there is provided a system for
controlling a rotary device, the system comprising a 
controller and a rotary device, which has a stator and
rotor, wherein the controller is connected to the rotary
device to control rotation of the rotary device, and wherein
the controller is adapted to periodically energize at least
one energizing coil of the device to create a magnetic field
of a polarity which induces the rotor to rotate in s single
direction and wherein the controller is switched off so as
to e-energize the energizing coil when other forces, being
forces other than those resulting from the energized
energizing coil produce a resultant force which induces
rotation of the rotor in a single direction.

Preferably
the controller is adapted to energize the energizing coil
for a period which the resultant force from the other forces
acts to rotate the rotor in the opposite direction, whereby
the force applied by the energizing coil overcomes (is
greater than) the resultant force.

The
controller is preferably adapted to switch off to
de-energize the energizing coil before the resultant force
is zero.

The
controller preferably is adapted to switch off to
de-energize the energizing coil for a period before the
resultant force is zero, and to allow back EMF induced by
other forces to urge the rotor to rotate in the single
direction before the resultant force is zero.

Preferably
the resultant force excludes forces arising from back EMF.

The
energizing coil may be adapted to be energized by the
controller through a predetermined angle of a complete
revolution of the motor.

Preferably
the/each energizing coil is energized more than once during
a single revolution (cycle of the rotor.

The/each or
at least one energizing coil may be energized each time the
resultant force applies a force to the rotor in the opposite
direction.

The/each or
at least one energizing coil may be energized by a periodic
pulse applied by the controller.

The periodic
pulses are preferably all of the same sign.

The/each or
selected ones of the energizing coils are energized whenever
the resultant force is in the opposite direction and then
for a period less than the period during which the resultant
force changes from zero to a maximum and back to zero.

According to
one embodiment the stator has the at least one energizing
coil.

The rotor may
have at least one magnetic field generating means which is
able to generate a magnetic field which interacts with the
magnetic field generated by the/each energizing coil when
energized, to apply a force to rotate the rotor in one
direction.

The/each
energizing coil preferably includes a magnetic interaction
means which is adapted to either repel or attract the
magnetic field generating means.

The magnetic
interaction means may comprise a ferrous body or body of
another substance which is attractable to a magnetized body.

The magnetic
field generating means may be a permanent magnet.

The magnetic
interaction means may be an iron core or a permanent magnet.

Preferably
the magnetic field generating means comprises a permanent
magnet, or member attractable to a magnetized body.

The stator
preferably comprises a plurality of energizing coils evenly
spaced around the rotor.

Each
energizing coil is preferably an electromagnet.

Preferably
the or each energizing coil includes the magnetic
interaction means through its coil.

Preferable
the rotor comprises a plurality of evenly spaced magnetic
field generating means.

According to
one embodiment the rotor comprises a plurality of evenly
spaced permanent magnets.

The evenly
spaced permanent magnets may all be of the same polarity.

The evenly
spaced magnetic field generating means may be energizable
coils simulating magnets.

Preferably
the poles of the magnetic field generating means are all the
same.

The magnetic
poles produces by energized energizing coils may be the same
as that for the magnetic field generating means.

According to
an alternative embodiment an alternating pattern of poles
for the energizing coils is provided.

According to
another embodiment an alternating pattern of permanent
magnets is provided for the rotor.

According to
a further embodiment of the present invention the stator has
a plurality of magnetic flux generating means.

The magnetic
field generating means for the stator may be permanent
magnets.

Preferably
the rotor may be an armature and the stator may be a field
winding.

Preferably
the rotor magnetic field generating means is energized by an
external power supply being DC or AC current.

The stator
magnetic interaction means may be energized by coils
operating on AC or DC current.

According to
one embodiment the stator includes at least one induction
coil which adapted to have current induced therein by the
magnetic field generating means of the rotor.

The/each
induction coil may be separate from the/each energizing
coil.

The/each
induction coil may also be an energizing coil.

The/each
energizing coil may be adapted to be connected to an output
circuit whereby current induced in the/each energizing coil
is output to the output circuit.

It is
preferred that switching circuitry is adapted to rectify
current induced in the induction coils.

It is
preferred that the rectifying occurs just before the or each
energizing coil is energized by the power supply.

Preferably
current output to the output circuit is adapted to be used
to run an electric device.

The
controller preferably comprises a switching circuit which is
adapted to connect the/each energizing coil to an output
circuit when no current is generated to energize the
energizing coil.

Preferably
the controller provides a switching circuit.

The
controller may be a rotary switch.

The rotary
switch may have at least one contact which is aligned with
the/each magnetic field generating means.

Preferably
the rotary switch has at least one contact aligned with the
permanent magnets of the rotor.

The rotary
switch may have the same number of contacts as the number of
magnetic field generating means; being magnets in their
preferred form.

The/each
contact may have a switch that varies with vertical height.

The rotary
switch may have the same number of contacts as the number of
magnetic field generating means; being magnets in their
preferred form.

The/each
contact may have a width that varies with vertical height.

The rotary
switch preferably comprises adjustable brushes which are
able to move vertically.

The contacts
preferably from a top end to a bottom end thereof.

The rotary
switch and rotor may be located on coaxial central axis.

The rotary
switch and rotor may be mounted on a common axial.

Preferably
the rotor switch is mounted in a separate chamber from the
rotor.

According to
one embodiment each energizing coil is adapted to repel an
adjacent magnetic field generating means when energized.

Each
energizing coil may be adapted to be energized by back EMF
for only a predetermined period of each cycle.

The
predetermined period preferably occurs after current to the
energizing coil is switched off.

According to
a further embodiment the/each energizing coil is adapted to
attract the magnetic field generating means of the rotor.

The present
invention contemplates a number of variations of the
components making up the systems described above. For
example, the current, voltage, magnetic field generated, the
number of poles of magnets for the rotor/stator may all vary
and accordingly will affect the timing of switching of
energizing coils.

The rotary
device may have a greater number of magnetic poles generated
on the stator/field winding than in the rotor/armature or
vice versa.

According to
one embodiment the number of poles on both of these are the
same.

It is
preferred that the switching of the energizing coils which
is controlled by the controller is adapted to maximize the
influence of back EMF produced.

It is
preferred that the energizing coils are effectively provided
with a pulsed electric current of minimum duration, which
duration is enough to maintain rotation of the rotor and
produce a desired output of torque or current.

**Brief
Description of the Drawings**

Preferred
embodiments of the present invention will now be described
by way of example only with reference to the accompanying
drawing in which:

**Figure 1**
shows a cross-sectional front view of a rotary device and
control thereof in accordance with a first embodiment of the
invention; 

![](fig1.gif)

**Figure 2**
shows a top view of the controller shown in Figure 1; 

![](fig2.gif)

**Figure 3**
shows a side view of the controller shown in Figure 1;    
    
 

![](bfig3.jpg)

  
**Figure 4a** shows a
schematic view of a system for controlling a rotary device
in accordance with the first embodiment of the present
invention;   

![](bfig4a.jpg)

**Figure 4b**
shows a schematic view of the rotary device shown in Figure
4a;

![](bfig4b.jpg)

**Figure 5**
shows a graphical representation of force versus angular
position of permanent magnet M1 of the system shown in
Figure 4a; 

![](bfig5.jpg)

**Figure 6**
shows a series of four graphs of input current versus
angular movement of each permanent magnet of the system
shown in Figure 4a; 

![](bfig6.jpg)

**Figure 7**
shows a graphical representation of input voltage versus
input current for each coil of the rotary device shown in
the system of Figure 4a; 

![](bfig7.jpg)

**Figure 8**
shows a schematic diagram of variation of natural magnetic
attraction versus angular displacement of a rotor having a
single permanent magnet and a stator having a single
energizing coil, in accordance with a second embodiment of
the present invention; 

![](bfig8.jpg)

**Figure 9**
shows a graphical representation of magnetic field versus
angular displacement in accordance with the second
embodiment of the present invention; 

![](bfig9.jpg)

**Figure 10**
shows a graphical representation of induced induction versus
angular displacement of the permanent magnet in accordance
with the second embodiment of the present invention;
and 

![](bfig10.jpg)

**Figure 11**
shows a further graphical representation of induced
induction of electro-magnetic force versus angular
displacement of the permanent magnet in accordance with the
second embodiment of the present invention. 

![](bfig11.jpg)

**Detailed
Description of the Drawings**

As shown in **[Figure 4a](#fig4a)** according to the first
embodiment of the invention a system is provided consisting
of a rotor 11 having four permanent magnets M1, M2, M3, M4
which are evenly spaced at 90 deg with respect to each other.

The system
includes a stator 12 consisting of three electro-magnet
energizing coils A, B, C which are spaced 120 deg apart from
each other.

Each coil A,
B, C is connected in circuit with a power supply of 54 volts
and a switch RS1, RS2, RS3.

Each of the
contacts RS1, RS2, RS3 are part of a rotary switch 13 having
contacts 14, 15, 16, 17 which are spaced at 90 deg with respect
to an adjacent contact.

The rotary
switch 13 is provided with contact brushes 18, 19 and is
mounted on an axle 20 which is the same or common with the
axle of the rotor 11.

Each of the
contacts 14, 15, 16, 17 is specially configured with a
trapezoidal shape, with the two non-parallel sides
consisting of a straight side 21, and a tapered side 22
which tapers outwardly from top side 23 to bottom side 24.

The result is
that each contact increases in width from the top side to
the bottom side 24.

The brush 18
is able to be moved vertically relative to the contacts 14,
15, 16, 17 while the brush 19 is in constant contact with
the base.

Although **[Figure 1](#fig1)** only shows the rotary
switch 13 having a single series of four contacts 14, 15,
16, 17, for the three coil stator system, shown in **[Figure 4a](#fig4a)** there would in fact be
preferably the contact discs on the axle 20.

Each contact
disc would have contacts for a respective one of the coils
A, B, C, but each brush for the other discs would be offset
by 30 deg and 60 deg respectively.

A description
of the operation of the system shown in Figures 1 to 4a will
now be set forth below.

If it is
assumed that the magnets M1, M2, M3, M4 are initially
aligned as shown in **[Figure 4a](#fig4a)**
with magnet M1 opposite one end of coil A, coil A is
energized whenever one of the magnets M1 to M4 is aligned
opposite it and for a predetermined time after the permanent
magnet has passed it.

As shown in **[Figure 6](#fig6)** coil A is energized by
contact RS1 providing an electrical connection through the
rotary switch 13.

This occurs
by one of the contacts 14 to 17 being aligned in contact
with brush 18. At this time current is applied from the
power source VA and continues to be applied until the brush
18 is no longer in contact with one of the contacts 14 to
17.

For the three
coil/four pole arrangement of the first embodiment it is
preferred that the brushes are moved to a vertical position
where the width of each contact is sufficient for each of
the switches RS1, RS2 and RS3 to be closed for 12 deg, 51', 50"
of the rotation of the rotor 11. After this time the
switches RS1 to RS3 are open and no more current is
delivered to any one of the coils A to C. When the current
to each of the coils is switched off a back EMF is induced
in each of the coils A to C and this back EMF represented by
item Z results in current being maintained in each of the
coils for an additional small period of time after the
contacts RS1 to RS3 are opened.

By switching
the coils A to C in the above manner the rotor 11 can be
induced to rotate with a lower amount of input current to
the stator than would be required if current was delivered
constantly to the coils A to C.

**[Table 1](#table1)** below shows the resultant
force on the rotor 13 for angular positions of the magnets
M1 to M4 for angular displacements of magnet from 5 deg to 30 deg.

**Table 1
~**

M1    
5 deg CC         10 deg
CC       15 deg
CC       20 deg
CC       25 deg
CC      30 deg CC   
M2    
25 deg CW      20 deg
CW      15 deg
CW      10 deg
CW      5 deg
CW       0 deg CW   
M3    
55 deg CW      50 deg
CW      45 deg
CW      40 deg
CW      35 deg
CW     30 deg CW   
M4    
35 deg CC       40 deg
CC       45 deg
CC       50 deg
CC       55 deg
CC      60 deg

As shown when
the magnets of the rotor 13 are rotated 5 deg at a time the
resultant force on the rotor changes from a counterclockwise
force from 5 deg to 15 deg to a clockwise force from 15 deg to 30 deg.

At 0 deg, 15 deg
and 30 deg the resultant force on the rotor is 0 so that if the
permanent magnets of the rotor were aligned in any of these
orientation there would be no resultant force to urge the
rotor either clockwise or anticlockwise.

As shown in **[Figure 5](#fig5)** a plot of magnitude of
resultant force applied to the rotor against angular
displacement of the rotor shows a sinusoidal curve having a
cycle of 30 deg.

For a full
360 deg rotation of the rotor the rotor would experience 12
cycles of variation in resultant force.

What **[Table 1](#table1)** and **[Figure
5](#fig5)** shows is that unless an additional force is
applied to rotate the rotor clockwise or anticlockwise the
rotor will not be able to spin continuously in either
direction.

If it is
assumed that it is desired to rotate the rotor clockwise,
then the force must overcome the counterclockwise resultant
force which occurs from 0 deg to 15 deg, 30 deg to 45 deg, 60 deg to 75 deg,
etc., through the whole 360 deg rotation of the rotor.

Because each
of the coils A to C has an iron core even when the coils are
unenergized the natural magnetic attraction occurring
between each magnet and the iron cores results in each
magnet M1 to M4 attempting to move in a direction to the
closest iron core.

Whenever a
magnet is opposite an iron core the magnetic attraction is
greatest and there is no force applied by that magnet to
move the rotor either clockwise or counterclockwise.
Likewise when a magnet is positioned midway between adjacent
iron cores, there is also a resultant force of 0 which
translates to no resultant force being applied to the rotor
to rotate it in either direction by that magnet.

As shown in **[Figure 5](#fig5)** and **[Table
1](#table1),** if magnet M1 is moved clockwise 5 deg there is a
natural attraction between the magnet M1 and the iron core
of coil A to pull the magnet M1 in a counter clockwise
direction. If the resultant forces applied by the other
magnets were sufficient to overcome the attraction between
permanent magnet M1 and the iron core of coil A the rotor
would still manage to move clockwise.

However as
shown in **[Table 1](#table1)** the angular
position of the other magnets M2 to M4 results in an overall
counterclockwise resultant force.

To overcome
the resultant force it is necessary to produce a pole X at
coil A of like polarity to magnet M1 and thus repel M1 away
from coil A.

As shown in **[Figure 5](#fig5)** the strength of the
magnetic repelling action between coil A and M1 must be
sufficient to overcome the resultant force urging the rotor
counterclockwise.

A current
could be applied to the coil A for an angular displacement
of 15 deg of magnet M1, but it is preferred that coil A be
energized for only 12 deg, 51', 50" angular displacement of
magnet M1. By applying current to coil A for this period of
angular displacement a minimum amount of current is applied
to coil A in order to overcome the resultant force
counterclockwise which occurs for 0 deg to 15 deg of angular
displacement of magnet M1.

Although
current to coil A can be applied for longer than this period
it has been discovered that by applying current for this
period a back EMF is induced in coil A which adds to the
repulsive force applied to magnet M1 by coil A.

Every time
one of the magnets M1 to M4 is aligned at 0 deg with coil A,
coil A is energized for 12 deg, 51', 50" of angular
displacement of that magnet. Thus as shown in **[Figure 6](#fig6)** current ends up being
applied to coil A at 0 degrees to 12 deg, 51 ', 50", 90 deg to
102 deg, 51', 50", 180 deg to 192 deg, 51', 50" and 270 deg to 282 deg,
51', 50".

A similar
switching pattern is applied to coils B and C. For example,
coil B is energized when magnet M2 has moved 30 deg to when it
has moved 42 deg, 51', 50" and likewise coil C is energized
when magnet M3 has moved 60 deg to 72 deg, 51', 50".

It is
preferred that the rotor has a diameter of 230 mm and that
each coil has a resistance of 6.8 ohms.

**[Figure 7](#fig7)** shows a graphical
representation of input voltage versus input current for a
coil resistance of 6.8 ohms and for a four pole rotor which
is 230 mm in diameter.

The exact
timing sequence for switching coils on and off will vary
depending on the parameters of the rotary device and the
controller.

Accordingly
by varying the input voltage, coil resistance and overall
impedance of the input circuit for each coil the duration
during which a coil must be turned on will change.

In fact there
are many factors which can change the timing sequence of
switching on the coils, and some of these are summarized
below.

**The Stator**

The variables
include the choice of material used in constructing the
stator iron core, the number of stator iron cores and their
positioning as well as the physical size, section area and
shape of the stator iron cores.

**Rotor**

The physical
size and magnetic strength and shape of the polarized
permanent magnetic body as contained in the rotor, the
number of polarized permanent magnetized bodies being
contained in the rotor, the positioning and spacing of the
same, the use of all like polarities of permanent magnetic
bodies or the use of alternating polarities for the
permanent magnetic bodies.

**Stator
Coil**

The physical
size of the coils being positioned onto the stator iron
core(s), the type of wire used to wind the coils(s) such as
copper, silver, aluminum or others. The shape and section
areas of the winding wire, such as round, square,
triangular, rectangular and others; the number of turns and
layers wound onto the coil and consequent ohms resistance;
the method of winding onto a coil holder, single winding,
double winding, double winding same direction, double
winding opposite direction, left to right and vice versa,
interwoven winding, whether the above examples would be
wound onto a single coil holder.

**Speed of
Rotor**

This can be
controlled by the length of the directed (input) DC current
(on and cut off period) and/or the control of the supply
voltage used to supply the stator coils(s).

Other
variations that may be made to the system include the
following:

(a) The coils
can be connected in series, parallel or series parallel.

(b) It is
only when the north/south arrangements of the permanent
magnets are used in the rotor that even numbers of permanent
magnets are necessary, but not necessarily even numbers of
pairs of stator coils positioned in the stator. Furthermore
the direction DC current supplied to the stator coils in the
north south arrangement above must be synchronized, meaning
that the magnetic field as needed in the stator coil(s) must
be of corresponding polarity to the stator coil(s), iron
core end, which faces the permanent magnets.

(c) When
using permanent magnets which are all of the same polarity,
then any number of permanent magnets in the rotor may be
used providing there is sufficient room to contain them, at
even spacings on the rotor.

(d) The
spacings between the permanent magnets must be exact; if too
close to each other the directed DC current will become less
effective; if too far apart the full potential will not be
obtained.

(e) It is
possible to have various combinations of permanent magnet
and stator coil iron cores similar but not restricted to the
following:

(i) Three
magnets in the rotor, one to three stator coils can be used.

(ii) Five
permanent magnets in the rotor, one to five stator coils can
be used.

(iii) Nine
permanent magnets in the rotor, one to three or nine stator
coils can be used.

(iv) The
output varies with each combination.

(v)
Regardless of the rotor containing even or uneven numbers of
permanent magnets the stator can operate with only one
stator coil and stator iron core and still be highly
effective but with reduced total output.

(f) The
stator and rotor should be made from non-magnetic materials
like wood, plastic, bronze and similar non-magnetic
materials.

Although
switching is performed in its preferred form by a mechanical
rotary switch, it can also be performed by solid state
electronics or other switching devices.

The length of
the on period for each coil is the physical length ratio.
When the brushes are in contact with the conductive part of
the rotary switch and the non-conductive part.

This ratio is
referred to as the frequency or number of ratios in one
second.

The output
produced by the rotary device can be mechanical and
electrical at the same time or may be mainly electrical or
mainly mechanical. The reason for this will be explained
with reference to the second embodiment in which it is
assumed the stator has a single energizing coil with an iron
core and the rotor has a single permanent magnet.

When the
rotor's permanent magnet is rotated very slowly by hand in
the clockwise direction it is possible to determine the
point where the natural magnetic attraction between the
rotor's permanent magnet and the stator's iron core occurs.

When the
leading edge of the permanent magnet has reached a point A
as shown in **[Figure 8](#fig8)**, the
natural magnetic attraction begins and increases
exponentially until the center of the permanent magnet is
aligned at point B opposite the iron core 30.

If the
permanent magnet is rotated away from point B the NMA will
be at a maximum point B and then decrease from maximum
exponentially until the trailing edge of the permanent
magnet has reached point C and then ceases.

When the
rotor is moved clockwise at a constant speed and an
oscilloscope is connected to the stator coil it is possible
to observe the movement of the permanent magnetic between
point A and point B and then between point B and point C as
shown in **[Figure 9](#fig9)**.

An induced
induction curve is then apparent on the oscilloscope and
this induced induction produces a sine wave curve 31.
Furthermore the induced induction between point A to point B
is a negative going induced induction in this instance and
the induced induction between point B and point C is a
positive going induced induction in this instant.

It is also
noted that the negative going and positive going induced
induction curves are exactly the same but opposite to each
other.

When the
permanent magnet begins to induce a negative going induction
in the stator coil at 0 deg of the sine wave curve 31, the
induction induced is then at 0. At 90 deg of the sine wave
curve the induced induction is at a maximum and then goes
back to 0 when the permanent magnet is aligned with point B,
or at 180 deg of the sine wave curve, when the permanent magnet
starts to move away from its alignment with point B or is at
180 deg of the sine wave curve.

When the
permanent magnet starts to move away from its alignment with
point B and is moving towards point C the now positive going
induced induction is first at 0 at 180 deg of the sine wave
curve, then at a maximum of 270 deg of the reached point A as
shown in **[Figure 8](#fig8)**, the natural
magnetic attraction begins and increases exponentially until
the center of the permanent magnet is aligned at point B
opposite the iron core 30.

If the
permanent magnet is rotated away from point B the NMA will
be at a maximum point at point B and then decrease from
maximum exponentially until the trailing edge of the
permanent magnet has reached point C and then ceases.

When the
rotor is moved clockwise at a constant speed and an
oscilloscope is connected to the stator coil it is possible
to observe the moment of the permanent magnetic between
point A and point B and then between point B and point C as
shown in **[Figure 9](#fig9)**.

An induced
induction curve is then apparent on the oscilloscope and
this induced induction produces a sine wave curve 31.
Furthermore the induced induction between point A to point B
is a negative going induced induction in this instance and
the induced induction between point B and point C is a
positive going induced induction in this instant.

It is also
noted that the negative going and positive going induced
induction curves are exactly the same but opposite to each
other.

When the
permanent magnet begins to induce a negative going induction
in the stator coil at 0 deg of the sine wave curve 31, the
induction induced is then at 0. At 90 deg of the sine wave the
induced induction is at a maximum and then goes back to 0
when the permanent magnet is aligned with point B, or at
180 deg of the sine wave curve, when the permanent magnet
starts to move away from its alignment with point B or is at
180 deg of the sine wave curve.

When the
permanent magnets start to move away from its alignment with
point B and is moving towards point C the now positive going
induced induction is first at 0 at 180 deg of the sine wave
curve, then at a maximum of  270 deg of the sine wave
curve and then back to 0 at 360 deg of the sine wave curve.

It should be
noted that 0 deg and 360 deg of the sine wave curve are not
necessarily the same as point A for 0 deg and point C for 360 deg
of the sine wave curve.

Points A and
C are determined by the strength of the rotors permanent
magnet and the section area and/or shape of the stator iron
core.

The negative
going induced induction between 0 deg and 180 deg of the sine wave
curve produces an electro-magnetic force in the stator coil
and iron core of opposite polarity.

The iron core
end facing the rotor is of opposite polarity than the
permanent magnet in this instance, as shown in **[Figure 10](#fig10)**.

The positive
going induced induction between 180 deg and 360 deg of the sine
wave curve produces an electro-magnetic force in the stator
coil and iron core of the same polarity in the iron core end
facing the rotor, being of the same polarity as the
permanent magnet in this instance.

When the
permanent magnet reaches point A the natural magnetic
attraction between the permanent magnet and the stator iron
core is at its minimum and starts to move towards point B.
When the induced induction then also starts to occur at 0 deg
of the sine wave curve, being somewhere between point A and
point B, the natural magnetic attraction has already
increased.

When the
permanent magnet is at 0 deg of the sine wave curve and is
moving towards point B or 180 deg of the sine wave curve, the
negative going induced induction in the stator coil is
producing an electro-magnetic force (field) in the stator
iron core with the iron core end facing the rotor being of
an opposite polarity than the permanent magnet and is at
zero effect at 0 deg of the sine wave curve, than at maximum
effect at 90 deg of the sine wave curve and then back to zero
effect at 180 deg of the sine wave curve.

The permanent
magnet is then aligned at point B.

There the
magnetic attraction force is proportional with the distance
and this increases exponentially when moving from point A
toward point B. There the iron core is fixed and stationary
at point B. Accordingly it will be the permanent magnet that
moves towards point B.

As an
example, if the stator iron core was also a polarized
permanent magnetic body of the same strength but of opposite
polarity to the permanent magnet, the magnetic attraction
force would be at least four times greater because of the
distance factor as explained earlier.

Furthermore,
this would also occur because of the doubling of the
magnetic force between the magnetic north and south
arrangement. It follows therefore that the magnetic
attraction between the permanent magnet and the iron core
and facing the rotor increases dramatically when the induced
induction in the stator coil produces an electro-magnetic
force of opposite polarity at the stator iron core end
facing the rotor as described above.

The increase
follows the sine wave curve starting from 0 deg to 90 deg of the
sine wave and the above effect decreases from 90 deg back to
180 deg of the sine wave curve.

A combination
curve of the natural magnetic attraction an the induced
induction in the stator coil, producing an electro-magnetic
force at the stator iron coil end facing the rotor of
opposite polarity 33 is shown in **[Figure
10](#fig10)** from 0 deg to 180 deg. For 180 deg to 360 deg the stator
iron coil and rotor of like polarities 34 are shown.

When the
permanent magnet is aligned at point B and a direct current
is supplied to the stator coil for only a short period
starting at point B then the DC current is applied only long
enough to overcome the natural magnetic attraction between
the permanent magnet and the stator's iron core end facing
the rotor. The directed DC current as supplied to the
stator's coil is producing a like-polarity at the iron core
end facing the rotor and thus is repelling the permanent
magnet away from point B towards point C.

The natural
magnetic attraction has thus changed to natural magnetic
repulsion due to the like-polarity of the stator iron core
end facing the rotor.

The length of
the "on" period has to be sufficient to overcome the natural
magnetic attraction and could be as long as until the
trailing edge reaches point C where the natural magnetic
attraction ceases. However there the positive going induced
induction in the stator coil as produced by the permanent
magnet produces an electro-magnetic force in the stator or
iron core end facing the rotor, producing a like polarity as
the permanent magnet starting at 180 deg of the sine wave curve
or point B and zero at that instant. At 270 deg of the sine
wave curve, it is at a maximum and then ends up at zero at
360 deg of the sine wave curve. In other words, at 270 deg of the
sine wave the force is at maximum repulsion and there is
induced induction in the stator coil depending on the speed
of the rotor. The effect of variation on the speed of the
rotor is shown by curves 35 in **[Figure
11](#fig11)**.

As shown in **[Figure 11](#fig11)**, regardless of the speed
of the rotor the induced induction in the stator coil is at
a maximum at 270 deg of the sine wave curve.

The on period
can be brought back to the point where the induced induction
is great enough to carry the electro-magnetic repulsion
through to 360 deg of the sine wave curve and beyond point C.
Therefore the greater the rotor speed the shorter the on
period of the input DC current has to be due to the high
induced induction in the stator coil as explained earlier.
When the "on" period is switched off it is called the
'cut-off" point. From the cut-off point to 360 deg of the sine
wave curve the repulsion is produced by back EMF, the
induced induction in the stator coil as previously
explained.

During the on
period, the magnetic repulsion force produced between the
stator iron core at point B and the permanent magnet can be
viewed as a combined repulsion force. Some of this force is
produced by natural magnetic repulsion of the permanent
magnet and some by the input DC natural magnetic repulsion
due to the like-polarity of the stator iron core end facing
the rotor.

The length of
the "on" natural magnetic repulsion due to the like-polarity
of the stator iron core end facing the rotor.

The length of
the "on" period has to be sufficient to overcome the natural
magnetic attraction and could be as long as until the
trailing edge reaches point C where the natural magnetic
attraction ceases. However there the positive going induced
induction in the stator coil as produced by the permanent
magnet produces an electromagnetic force in the stator or
iron core end facing the rotor, producing a like polarity as
the permanent magnet starting at 180 deg of the sine wave curve
or point B and zero at that instant. At 270 deg of the sine
wave curve, it is at a maximum and then ends up at zero at
360 deg of the sine wave curve. In other words, at 270 deg of the
sine wave curve, it is at a maximum and then ends up at zero
at 360 deg of the sine wave curve. In other words, at 270 deg of
the sine wave the force is at maximum repulsion and there is
induced induction in the stator coil depending on the speed
of the rotor. The effect of variation on the speed of the
rotor is shown by curves 35 at **[Figure
11](#fig11)**.

As shown in **[Figure 11](#fig11)**, regardless of the speed
of the rotor the induced induction in the stator coil is at
a maximum at 270 deg of the sine wave curve.

The on period
can be brought back to the point where the induced induction
is great enough to carry the electro-magnetic repulsion
through to 360 deg of the sine wave curve and beyond point C.
therefore the greater the rotor speed the shorter the on
period of the input DC current has to be due to the high
induced induction in the stator coil as explained earlier.
When the "on" period is switched off it is called the
"cut-off" point. From the cut-off point to 360 deg of the sine
wave curve the repulsion is produced by back EMF, the
induced induction in the stator coil as previously
explained.

During the on
period, the magnetic repulsion force produced between the
stator iron core at point B and the permanent magnet can be
viewed as a combined repulsion force. Some of this force is
produced by natural magnetic repulsion of the permanent
magnet and some by the input DC current as supplied to the
stator coil. Therefore if the induced magnetic force as
produced by the input DC current in the stator coil is made
equal to that of the permanent magnet with the same
polarity, then half of this repulsion force between the on
period and the cut-off point, in this instance, is from the
natural magnetic repulsion of the permanent magnet as a
reaction to the induced magnetic force as supplied by the
input DC current to the stator coil. Therefore if the
induced magnetic force as produced by the input DC current
in the stator coil is made equal to that of the permanent
magnet with the same polarity, then half of this repulsion
force between the on period and the cut-off point, in this
instance, is from the natural magnetic repulsion of the
permanent magnet as a reaction to the induced magnetic force
as supplied by the input DC current to the stator coil.

The input DC
current as supplied to the stator coil produces the magnetic
repulsion force and is the only outside input to the overall
system for total movement between point A and point C

The total
input can be summarized as:

(a) The
combined natural magnetic attraction and the
electro-magnetic force as produced by the induced induction
in the stator coil between point A to point B.

(b) The
combined magnetic repulsion force between the permanent
magnet and the stator iron core facing the rotor during the
on period and the cut-off point.

(c) The
electro-magnetic repulsion (see induced induction as
explained earlier) between the cut-off point and point C.

(d) The
electro-magnetic repulsion produced by the back EMF as
represented by shaded portion 36 of **[Figure
11](#fig11)**.

According to
another embodiment of the present invention the stator has
two coils positioned at 180 deg with respect to each other and
the rotor has three permanent magnets spaced at 120 deg apart.

As set out in
**[Table](#table2) 2** below from 0 deg to 30 deg
the resultant force is 0 and from 30 deg to 90 deg the resultant
force is clockwise. From 90 deg to 120 deg the resultant force is
counter-clockwise. This completes a full cycle which is
repeated three times throughout a 360 deg rotation of the
rotor.

**Table 2
~**

M1    
5 deg CC         
10 deg CC       15 deg
CC        20 deg
CC          25 deg
CC       30 deg CC   
M2    
55 deg CW       50 deg
CW      45 deg
CW       40 deg
CW         35 deg
CW      30 deg CW   
M3    
65 deg CC        70 deg
CC       75 deg
CC        80 deg
CC          85 deg
CC       90 deg   
RF     
CC             
CC             
CC             
CC                
CC             
0 deg

With the
above configuration of poles and coils if it is desired to
move the rotor clockwise, current would need to be supplied
to the coils of the stator to overcome the counter-clockwise
force whenever this is counter-clockwise, but as explained
previously, current does not need to be supplied to the coil
to energize the coil for the full period during which the
resultant force is counter-clockwise.

For
convenience and ease of explanation the above embodiments
have been restricted to permanent magnets on the rotor and
coils on the stator. However the basic concept behind the
invention does not change if the permanent magnets are
replaced by coils which are energized to produce the
appropriate magnetic poles.

Similarly for
an AC rotary device a rotating magnetic field generated by
the stator winding or by the rotor/armature winding could
similarly be switched to reduce the amount of current
required to maintain rotation of the motor in one direction
and to maximize the influence of back EMF on maintaining
rotation of the motor in a single direction.

The above
principles also apply to generators where coils are
energized to produce a magnetic field. In such a situation
the coils are switched on for a time sufficient to maintain
rotation in the single direction and to maximize the
influence of back EMF which tends to maintain rotation of
the rotor/armature in a single direction.

By using the
above concept it is possible to produce an output which can
be both mechanical and electrical at the same time. Current
generated in the stator coil windings can be used as an
output and likewise the torque generated by the rotor can be
used to supply a mechanical output. Likewise only one or the
other form of output may be utilized.

---

**Adams vs
Lutec**

**Alternative
Energy Institute** (July 17, 2002)  ~  **www.altenergy.org/news/newsletter79/copy79/copy79.html**

**Adams'
Invention Poached Down Under**

According to
a recent article published by an Australian newspaper, two
Australian inventors have developed the world's "first
commercial machine which can power a house from a clean,
green virtually free energy source." The story has been
posted on the Aethmogen Technologies: New Energy Scientists
website "for those interested in the subject of reverse
engineering, plagiarism, and stolen intellectual and other
property." In response to the anticipated production of the
"Lutec 1000 Motor/Generator," noted Australian inventor Dr.
Robert Adams reports background details to enforce his
argument that this magnetic motor cannot be patented. Adam's
writes, "This invention, which is mine, was granted a
British Patent in 1996 along with Dr. Harold Aspden of the
United Kingdom (IBM's Patent Director for 19 years), was
placed in the public domain by international publication in
Nexus Magazine and according to International Patent law,
thenceforth becomes unpatentable!" Learn more about this
unfolding drama from Down Under.

---

**Rosenthal's
Measurements:
Negative Result Reports**

Engineers
Reporting Negative Results: Rosenthal and Cole ~  Ian
Bryce   
Report by Sterling D.
Allan   (March 8, 2003)

Engineers,
Walt Rosenthal and Parke Cole were invited to measure the
Lutec1000 in January 2001.  Their measurements showed
results showed 28% efficiency.  The exchange was
amendable, despite the negative test results. 
Rosenthal stated, "I walked them through the calculations
carefully so they would understand, but they didn't want to
believe the results."  Test entailed a dynamometer
measuring output the motor, powering with power supply from
wall producing DC volts, optical shaft encoder on end of
shaft to measure rpm.  Results showed 50 Watts power
going in and 14 Watts equivalent of mechanical power coming
out.

After
receiving the above synopsis, Walt Rosenthal added the
following:

**Report by
Walt Rosenthal (March 8, 2003) ~**

The inventors
would start with fully charged batteries for the
demonstration. They assumed that the battery terminal
voltage would decrease linearly as the battery was used. So,
after using the battery for, say, 30 minutes, they would
again measure the battery terminal voltage, and subtract
this value from the start voltage, then multiply that
difference voltage times the known amp-hour capacity of the
battery bank, to come up with their assumption of the total
energy consumed from the battery bank. Unfortunately,
battery terminal voltage is almost flat for perhaps 90
percent of the battery capacity, before it drops off rather
steeply for the last 10 percent of it's capacity. Parke Cole
and I tried to explain this to the inventors. I am not sure
we succeeded. We were about the 15th group of people to show
up on their door step after they went public. We were the
first people to bring our own test equipment. The inventors
said that the first people to show up were the Russian
Mafia. Our bottom line was 50 watts of DC power input, which
resulted in 14 watts of rotary mechanical power output. I
hope the inventors have improved their device from where we
tested it so that it now matches their statements of it's
performance.

**Follow-up
Comment from Walt ~**

From: Walter
Rosenthal   ~   To:
sterlingda@greaterthings.com   (March 15, 2003)
  
Subject: Energy Wise 1000
mentioned at GreaterThings.com

Sterling: 
The pictures of the Lutec 1000 show that the inventors have
added a second unit apparently driven by the motor and in
line with the motor since Parke and I tested it... Walt

**Feedback
From Scott MacGregor  ~**

To: Sterling
D. Allan   (March 09, 2003)   
Subject: Lutek 1000 only
28% efficient according to Rosenthal, 2001 independent
measurement

Thanks for
that update. It seems evident that although electro-magnets
require energy input to "turn on", permanent magnets require
energy input to "turn off"! The example given on their
Website - the permanent magnet and electro-magnet supporting
a weight from a steel beam - should demonstrate this
principle. i.e., Energy must be inputted to the
electro-magnet in order to overcome the weight. Although no
external energy is required for the permanent magnet to
support the weight, energy must be supplied to OVERCOME the
magnet and cause the weight to fall...thereby producing
useful energy. In other words, the permanent magnet is
producing zero energy while supporting the weight.

**Email from
Patrick Bailey:**

From: Bailey, Patrick   
February 20, 2008   
RE: Zero Point Energy Machine from Australia - Lutec

...Walter Rosenthal traveled there with his high
frequency digital oscilloscope and measured the devices.

IT IS THE SAME OLD LYING GAME!

People are measuring high freq. DC or fast
pulsating AC with AC meters calibrated to sine wave 0.707 RMS.

You can not do that!

Using just AC meters (like an old VTVM), I could
easily show you that a resistor, capacitor, and inductor
arrangement will always give you over unity! (Just by ignoring
the current to voltage phase angle.)

Walter measured the voltage vs. time digitally
(storing many data points per cycle), and the current vs. time
digitally, and then calculated the power point by point via
computer, and then calculated the average power digitally -
for input power and output power.

Then you can get the True output to input power
ratio.

You must use a high frequency oscilloscope with
such computing abilities!!!   
...

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