Earth Battery Patents

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> **Earth Battery Patents**
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> [**http://www.peswiki.org**](http://www.peswiki.org)
>
> **Earth Batteries**
>
> A simple homemade cell is the earth battery. Almost any
> liquid or moist object that has enough ions to be electrically
> conductive can serve as the electrolyte for a cell. As a
> novelty or science demonstration, it is possible to insert two
> electrodes into a lemon, potato, glass of soft drink, etc. and
> generate small amounts of electricity. As of 2005,   
> "two-potato clocks" are widely available in hobby and toy
> stores; they consist of a pair of cells, each consisting of a
> potato (lemon, etc.) with two electrodes inserted into it,
> wired in series to form a battery with enough voltage to power
> a digital clock. Homemade cells of this kind are of no real
> practical use, because they produce far less currentand cost
> far more per unit of energy generatedthan commercial cells,
> due to the need for frequent replacement of the fruit or
> vegetable.
>
> It consist of conductive plates from different locations in
> the electropotential series, buried in the ground so that the
> soil acts as the electrolyte in a voltaic cell. As such, the
> device acts as a rechargeable battery. Operating only as
> electrolytic devices, the devices were not continuously
> reliable owing to drought condition. These devices were used
> by early experimenters as energy sources for telegraphy.
> However, in the process of installing long telegraph wires,
> engineers discovered that there were electrical potential
> differences between most pairs of telegraph stations,
> resulting from natural electrical currents (called telluric
> currents) flowing through the ground. Some early experimenters
> did recognise that these currents were, in fact, partly
> responsible for extending the earth batteries' high outputs
> and long lifetimes. Later, experimenters would utilize these
> currents alone and, in these systems, the plates became
> polarized.
>
> It had been long known that continuous electric currents
> flowed through the solid and liquid portions of the Earth and
> the collection of current from an electrically conductive
> medium in the absence of electrochemical changes (and in the
> absence of a thermoelectric junction) was established by Lord
> Kelvin. Lord Kelvin's "sea battery" was not a chemical
> battery. Lord Kelvin observed that such variables as placement
> of the electrodes in the magnetic field and the direction of
> mediums's flow affected the current output of his device. Such
> variables do not affect battery operation. These metal plates
> were immersed in a flowing medium and created a
> magneto-hydrodynamic generator. In the various experiments,
> metal plates were symmetrically perpendicular to the direction
> of the medium's flow and were carefully placed with respect to
> a magnetic field which differentially deflected electrons from
> the flowing stream. The electrodes can be assymmetrically
> oriented with respect to the source of energy, though.
>
> To obtain the natural electricity, experimenters would thrust
> two metal plates into the ground at a certain distance from
> each other in the direction of a magnetic meridian, or
> astronomical meridian. The stronger currents flow from south
> to north. This phenomenon possesses a considerable uniformity
> of current strength and voltage. As the Earth currents flow
> from south to north, electrodes are positioned, beginning in
> the south and ending in the north, to increase the voltage at
> as large a distance as possible. In many early
> implementations, the cost was prohibitive because of an
> overreliance on extreme spacing between electrodes.
>
> It has been found that all the common metals behave
> relatively similarly. The two spaced electrodes, having a load
> in an external circuit connected between them, are disposed in
> an electrical medium, and energy is imparted to the medium in
> such manner that "free electrons" in the medium are excited.
> The free electrons then flow into one electrode to a greater
> degree than in the other electrode, thereby causing electric
> current to flow in the external circuit through the load. The
> current flows from that plate whose position in the
> electropotential series is near the negative end (such as
> palladium). The current produced is highest when the two
> metals are most widely separated from each other in the
> electropotential series and that the material nearer the
> positive end is to the north, while that at the negative end
> is towards the south. The plates, one copper and another iron
> or carbon, are connected above ground by means of a wire with
> as little resistance as possible. In such an arrangement, the
> electrodes are not appreciably chemically corroded, even when
> they are in earth saturated with water, and are connected
> together by a wire for a long time.
>
> It had been found that to strengthen the current, it was most
> advantageous to drive the northerly electropositive electrode
> deeper into the medium than the southerly electrode. The
> greatest currents and voltages were obtained when the
> difference in depth was such that a line joining the two
> electrodes was in the direction of the magnetic dip, or
> magnetic inclination. When the previous methods were combined,
> the current was tapped and utilized in any well-known manner.
> In some cases, a pair of plates with differing electrical
> properties, and with suitable protective coatings, were buried
> below the ground. A protective or other coating covered each
> entire plate. A copper plate could be coated with powered
> coke, a processed carbonaceous material. To a zinc plate, a
> layer of felt could be applied. To use the natural
> electricity, earth batteries fed electromagnets, the load,
> that were part of a motor mechanism.
>
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> **USP # 50,314**   
> **Telegraph Cable**   
> **W.P. Piggott**
>
> ![](us50314.jpg)
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> **USP # 155,209**   
> **Earth Batteries for Generating Electricity**   
> **W.D. Snow**
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> ![](us155209.jpg)
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> **USP # 160,152**   
> **Earth Battery**   
> **J.C. Bryan**
>
> ![](us160152.jpg)
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> **USP # 182,802**   
> **Electric Piles**   
> **J. Cerpaux**
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> ![](us182802a.jpg)![](us182802b.jpg)
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> ![](us182802c.jpg)
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> **USP # 211,322**   
> **Earth-Battery for Electric Clocks**   
> **D. Drawbaugh**
>
> ![](us211322.jpg)
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> **USP # 329,724**   
> **Electric Earth Battery**   
> **G.F. Dieckmann**
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> ![](us329724.jpg)
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> **USP # 495,582**   
> **Ground Generator of Electricity**   
> **M. Emme**
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> ![](us495582.jpg)
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> **USP # 600,457**   
> **Electrical Battery**   
> **Nathan Stubblefield**
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> ![](us600457.jpg)
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> **USP # 690,151**   
> **Method of Utilizing Electrical Earth Currents**   
> **Emil Jahr**
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> **USP # 728,381**   
> **Storage Battery**   
> **M. Emme**
>
> ![](us728381.jpg)
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> **USP # 3,288,648**   
> **Process for Producing Electrical Energy from Geological
> Liquid Hydrocarbon Formation**   
> **L.W. Jones**
>
> ![](us3288648a.jpg)
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> ![](us3288648b.jpg)
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> **USP 4153757**   
> **Method & Apparatus for Generating Electricity**   
> **William Clark**
>
> To spaced electrodes having a load in an external circuit
> connected between them are disposed in an electrically
> conductive liquid, ad energis imparted to the liquid in such
> manner that energized free electrons in the liquid excite free
> electrons which flow into one electrode to a greater degree
> than in the other direction, thereby causing electric current
> to flow in the external circuit through the load.
>
> ![](us4153757.jpg)
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> **USP # 4457988**   
> **Earth Battery**   
> **John Ryeczek**
>
> **Abstract** ---  An earth battery which includes a
> first electrode which is a veined material located in the
> earth, a second electrode electrically connected to the
> surface of the earth and disposed in a hole which extends from
> the surface of the earth into the first electrode, an
> electrolyte disposed in the hole and in contact with the first
> and second electrodes, and means for electrically connecting
> the first electrode to the surface of the earth. A seam of
> coal is preferred as the first electrode. A method of mining
> metals located in the earth using the earth battery and a
> method of drilling holes in the earth are also disclosed.
>
> ![](us4457988a.jpg)![](us4457988b.jpg)
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> ![](us4457988c.jpg)![](us4457988d.jpg)
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> ![](us4457988e.jpg)
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> **GB 1905-7006**   
> **Improvements Relating to the Generation of Electricity by
> Means of Earth Coils**   
> **Emil Jahr**
>
> ![](gb190507006a.jpg)![](gb190507006b.jpg)
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